From: hud@netcom.com
Subject: Re: telematic sculptur 4 (T.S.4)
Date: Tue, 6 Jun 1995 12:59:23 -0700
In article  you write:
>this mobile sculpture (length 21,8 meters, weight 1800 kg) by
>r. kriesche is physically positioned in the austrian pavilion during
>the biennale of venice.
>
>T.S.4 is driven by the data flow in internet according to the relation
>of the world wide computer newsgroups versus world wide art
>newsgroups.  according to this relation T.S.4 will transcross the
>austrian pavilion during the time of the biennale and might even break
>through the wall of the pavilion.
>
>you are invited to become part of T.S.4 by:
>
>  o  visiting its www homepage
>     http://iis.joanneum.ac.at/kriesche/biennale95.html
>  o  discussion about T.S.4 on usenet news
>  o  sending e-mail to T.S.4 (mailto:ts4@iis.joanneum.ac.at)
>
>your participation will slow down the movement of T.S.4 and prevent it
>crashing.

What's the connection to rec.arts.bonsai? Attached is a copy of the FAQ
to help with your answer.

==================================================================

Bonsai FAQ

Section 1 -- Table of contents 

Part1
* Section 1   -- Table of contents
  Section 1.1 -- Introduction
  Section 2   -- What is Bonsai?
* Section 3   -- Administrivia

Part 2
* Section 4   -- Frequently Asked Questions!
  Section 5   -- Soil
  Section 6   -- Watering
  Section 7   -- Junipers
  Section 8   -- Indoor bonsai

Part 3
* Section 9   -- Clubs, Associations

Part 4
* Section 10  -- Reading material (Books and Magazines)
* Section 11  -- Permanent Bonsai Exhibits
* Section 12  -- Japanese Gardens

Part 5
* Section 13  -- Suppliers and Nurseries
  Section 14  -- Turface Suppliers
  Section 15  -- Pricing

Part 6
  Section 16  -- Dictionary of Japanese bonsai terms
  Section 17  -- Dictionary of selected Latin botanical terms
* Section C   -- Contributors... 

* = (last changed May 26, 1995)
 
Section 1.1 -- Introduction

This document has passed through many hands in its evolution.  This
section will be used to identify the current maintainer, make some
general statements, and then explain what to expect.

Dan Cwiertniewicz is the current maintainer of this information.  Dan
has been interested in Bonsai for about 5 years now.  Only the past 3 
have been successful years for keeping trees alive.  

This FAQ is the work of many people, and often it is difficult to 
give everyone credit for their contribution.  Suffice it to say that Dan
is not the originator of all of this information.  If you have a correction
or want to make additions to this FAQ, please let Dan know.

Section 2 -- What is Bonsai? (Mike Bartolone)

This was, at one time, the most commonly asked of all FAQ's; but 
since The Karate Kid was first shown, it gets asked a little less 
frequently. 

The word bonsai (according to my Japanese friends) is pronounced 
as follows: "BON" (as the French would say "bon" or the Germans 
would say "Bonn") is pronounced with the lips nearly closed with a 
.3 second hum. The second syllable is pronounced quickly as "sah-
ee". You will hear some people pronounce the BON in bonsai with a 
short "O" and others with a long "O", but the correct 
pronunciation is really neither. 

The word literally means a plant (usually a tree or shrub) grown 
in a tray or dish. Growing trees in pots began in Egypt about 4000 
years ago, mostly for practical reasons, mobility, and 
convenience. The Greeks, Babylonians, Persians, and Hindus copied 
the technique. The Chinese were the first to plant trees in pots 
for aesthetic purposes, about 200 AD. The art of bonsai then moved 
to Japan with the monks, who also brought Buddhism, in the 6th and 
7th centuries. This data is supported by a scroll from Japan's 
Kamakura period (1192-1333) describing life in the Heian period 
(794-1191).* 

Bonsai as we now know it was perfected in Japan. 

The original bonsai trees were usually collected, already dwarfed 
by nature. Today, however, it is probably better to allow such 
specimens to stay where they are. In many locations, collecting 
them in the wild is against the law. In others, the chance of 
finding a suitable specimen is almost zero. 

One common misconception is that a bonsai is a specific type of 
tree. Yes, some trees are more frequently bonsaied than others, 
but bonsai can be made from almost any woody stemmed tree or bush 
species. Some of the more classic bonsai are Japanese Black Pine, 
5 needle pine, Sargents Juniper, and Japanese maples. In the past 
20 or so years, a great many species not previously accepted as 
bonsai have also joined the list. Some tropical trees, and plants, 
such as weeping willow and Jade, are just two. 

Over the years, techniques have evolved which allow the grower to 
change the height and direction of the tree's growth, and in some 
cases to dwarf the foliage as well as the plant. Today, bonsai is 
an art form, a living sculpture. There are certain classic or 
traditional forms that can be found and followed, but the basic 
rule of thumb for personal bonsai is 'If you like the way it 
looks, it's a good bonsai'. 

*(From The Masters Book of Bonsai) 

Section 3 -- Administrivia 

*- FTP sites -* The Bonsai FAQ is available via anonymous FTP from
bonsai.pass.wayne.edu. 

A mail server also exists for accessing the FAQ archives. Send a 
message to listserv@cms.cc.wayne.edu with the command:
GET BONSAI FAQ1
in the body of your message.  Parts 2 through 5 of the FAQ
can be obtained by changing the number in the message above.

An anonymous FTP server for Bonsai GIFS (and other types of 
pictures) and other bonsai related files is available at 
bonsai.pass.wayne.edu (IP address 141.217.25.22). Login as 
anonymous and use guest as a password. You can put images in the 
/uploads directory, and get images from the /pub/GIFS directory. 
This allows the person responsible for the site a chance to check 
the files before anyone can get them, thus avoiding having the 
site terminated due to inappropriate material. 

*- The Bonsai Mailing List -* For those of you who for one reason 
or another can not currently get a feed for rec.arts.bonsai, there 
may be another way to get in on the discussion there. Subscribe to 
the bonsai mailing list! Subscription is easy. Send e-mail to: 
LISTSERV@cms.cc.wayne.edu. In the body of the letter, have the 
line: 

SUB BONSAI  

The mailing list software will extract your mailing address from 
the message header, so you don't need to put that in your command. 
The messages in the mailing list are automatically posted 
to rec.arts.bonsai, and all of rec.arts.bonsai is automatically 
mailed to the subscribers of the mailing list! For a list of 
commands, send the command: help to the LISTSERV address.If you 
have trouble, you can contact Dan Cwiertniewicz (dan@pass.wayne.edu) 
for help. 

*- Gopher Server -* 

A gopher server is maintained at bonsai.pass.wayne.edu 
(141.217.25.22). Contained there are links to the FTP site, as 
well all discussions from the Bonsai discussion list from 1992 
onward.

*- WWW Server -* 

A World Wide Web server is available at the URL: http://www.pass.wayne.edu/~dan/bonsai.html
This site is setup to show the work of the members of the Internet
Bonsai Club. If you would like an area of your own, please contact 
Dan Cwiertniewicz. 

*-European FTP site now available!-* 

The FAQ and some other bonsai related files are now available East 
of the Atlantic! If you prefer to get your copy of the FAQ without 
the use of one of the transatlantic channels, the address is: 
ftp.lysator.liu.se (130.236.254.1) The bonsai files are in 
/usr/local/ftp/pub/gardening/bonsai. 

Section 4 -- Frequently Asked Questions! 

Q: How do I start?

A: Opinion 1) Get as many books as you can. Read them, and look at 
the pictures. Check your local phone book for a bonsai club in 
your area. Talk to local nursery operators and see if they know of 
any clubs in your area.

Personally, I got started with two books: the Brooklyn Botanical 
Garden's book _Indoor Bonsai_, and the Sunset book called 
_Bonsai_, which is sold at most garden centers. I have talked to 
many well-known people in the American bonsai  community whose 
first book purchase was the latter!

Select a tree that has some of the basic design that you'd  like 
to have in your final tree, and buy it. Use what you've learned 
from reading, and from the local club/nursery owner (if he knows 
what bonsai is!).

Opinion 2) Indoors: Remember that immature plants should not be 
treated as bonsai, they must be treated as the houseplants they 
are. Give them plenty of soil to grow in and don't use too little 
fertilizer, or they won't develop branches and leaves when you cut 
them and the trunk won't grow in thickness. 

Q: As a beginner, should I purchase a mature or partially trained 
bonsai, or start from scratch?

A: Opinion 1) I think you should start from scratch. Your first 
attempts may never be 'show quality', but you can make a few 
mistakes without damaging a tree you paid for. It may take a bit 
longer to arrive at something that looks the way you want it to, 
but bonsai is (usually) not one of those instant gratification 
hobbies. If you get the proper book and some guidance, starting 
with some inexpensive nursery stock may yield some 'instant 
bonsai.' This approach allows you, as a beginner, to learn while 
owning something that looks like a 'real bonsai'. Stay away from 
trees labeled 'Bonsai' in MOST discount stores. Numerous people 
have seen some discount chains with dead or dying seedlings 
planted in shallow trays with a solid mat of pebbles glued down 
over the soil. The trees had not been watered; and even if they 
had been, the water couldn't penetrate the ground-cover. They were 
marked $10.00

Opinion 2) The question should really be: Should I start from 
scratch with a small seedling, or with a plant that is larger? 
Neither will give you "instant bonsai". The larger will have a 
thicker trunk from the beginning, and thus will look "almost like 
a tree" sooner. A younger plant gives you greater freedom to 
choose a shape for training. You get to practice different methods 
on different size plants: the larger lends itself to cutting down, 
the smaller to cutting away to encourage other growth.

(And by all means, if you see a shaped tree you really want, with 
the right price, that looks healthy and undamaged and is of a 
species you know is hardy or is of a sort you already have (and 
know you can take care of) -- it _is_ OK to buy it.) 

Opinion 3) Brian Corll writes: I would recommend that if you can 
afford to do so, you purchase a tree that has had some training 
_and_ purchase several species of trees appropriate for your 
geographical location that can be trained exclusively by you. The 
purchase of the former will give you something that has the 
appearance of a more finished tree and can become the centerpiece 
of your growing collection. Purchasing the latter will give you 
material to learn from. Keep in mind that there is no such thing 
as "instant bonsai". Development of bonsai material takes years. 
Don't be discouraged by that fact. Years are going to pass anyway. 
You might as well be growing a potential masterpiece in the 
meantime!

Q: Is there a list of plants that are accepted as 'good' to start 
a bonsai? (Latin names, and if to be in- or out-doors please) 
(Note: A more complete listing of indoor trees is available in 
section 7) 

A: Ficus benjamina Indoors Fast grower, hardy. Easy to get the 
leaves small. Suitable for many different shapes. 

Ficus retusa Indoors Similar to benjamina, leaves grow in a 
different pattern. 

Ficus pumila Indoors If you want a cascade, this is the way to go. 
Cut often to prevent it from going long and thin. May die if the 
roots dry out totally. 

Ficus Nerifolia Indoors This is the narrow leaf (also called 
willow leaf) form of the Ficus species. The leaves are naturally 
much smaller than the other forms of this species. 

Schefflera arboricola Indoors
Schefflera actinophylla Indoors Can be cut down enormously. Buy a 
50cm plant and cut it down to 10cm! Must be shaped completely 
without wiring. Takes correct treatment to get the leaves small. 

Crassula argentea Indoors
Portulacaria afra Indoors Succulents with small leaves, branch 
easily. 

Malpighia coccigera Indoors Slow grower. Holly-shaped leaves. Easy 
to grow. 

Murraya paniculata Indoors Slow grower. Gets beautiful structured 
bark when still young. 

Myrtus communis cool winters - Outdoors Must be kept at around 
+10C (50F) in the winter. 

Q: I assume that the time and number of times to prune the 
trees/roots vary with the latitude. Anyone have data on that? 

A: The answer to this is a bit more complex than it would seem. It 
isn't just a case of latitude. Localized climatic conditions can 
and do play a much larger role in when to perform the common 
bonsai activities such as pruning, and repotting, than the 
latitude. For instance, in the US, the Great Lakes have a climatic 
effect in a strip around them that extends from about 10 miles to 
well over 50 miles in width depending on if you measure on the 
eastern or western edge of the lakes. What you need is the USDA 
zone map and a chart comparing the climate of some of the cities 
in Japan for min. winter temp, earliest frost, last frost, avg. 
precipitation. etc. Unfortunately I've seen a lot of people try to 
do this and come to the conclusion that the climate (at least in 
the US) has no parallel to that of Japan. 

Q: What are some good tools for beginners to purchase? They're 
rather expensive if you get true bonsai tools. It would be a shame 
to buy a $45 trimmer and then realize that it's only used during 
odd procedures or only for specific types of trees/styles. 

A: The general consensus is that the only indispensable bonsai 
tool is a concave cutter. Other tools can be the common 
garden/hardware store variety and work quite well. Things you will 
need are: 

Small concave cutter
Diagonal wire cutters
Scissors (Good moustache scissors or small sewing scissors)
Chop stick (They are cheap and useful) 

Buy the best quality item you can afford, and take good care of 
it. It will be much more cost effective in the long run than 
having to buy a particular tool 3 or 4 times.

You may also want to give some thought to watering "tools". If you 
have only one or two trees, a simple spray bottle, and cautious 
use of a common garden hose should be suitable for a while. If you 
get more involved you will probably want to get a .5 gallon per 
minute fogger head for your hose. Indoors, you can use a "normal" 
watering can. if you want a finer stream, one person uses a common 
button hot glued to the end of the spout. There is also a small 
fine spray "rosette" head which is designed to attach to most 
common plastic consumer bottles. If it is difficult to find, you 
may have to look at a bonsai store, or in a bonsai catalog. 

Q: I have trouble finding the 'right' pots for bonsai, at any 
price, for my finished grove / cascade / etc., are there 
alternatives?

A: One of the best ways to view an assortment of pots, as well as 
to speak to bonsai potters, is to attend a large regional Bonsai 
exposition. Your local club will be able to let you know of 
upcoming events. There are usually craftspeople selling an 
assortment of pots, and if one doesn't fit your needs, they may be 
able to special-order or specially craft a pot for you. 

An excellent American bonsai potter is Keystone in Pennsylvania. 
If they don't have a pot that fits your needs, they'll probably 
take a commission.

Keep in mind that a bonsai should not be moved into a bonsai pot 
until it is nearing the end of its initial training period. 
Putting immature material into a bonsai pot too soon will delay 
development of the tree.Many people keep developing material 
either in the black plastic nursery pots they came in or in 
ordinary clay flower pots (my personal favorite). Azalea pots or 
bulb pans are especially useful, and for developing pines and 
other hardy material that will be kept outdoors all year around in 
cold climates, you may want to consider using the heavy lipped 
cylinder pots found in most garden centers, as they are more 
resistant to cracking from the cold. 

Q: I'm beginning bonsai, and I can't afford a Japanese pot large 
enough for the tree I just collected / for all of the seedlings 
I've started / etc.

A: Mica pots are an excellent alternative to clay pots. Not only 
are they much lighter than clay (useful for those large trees), 
but they usually less costly. And from all but the closest viewpoint, 
they look like an unglazed brown or black clay pot.

There are also plastic pots that look good until you are very 
close, available from several of the suppliers.

Another alternative is "DIY" (Do It Yourself) pots. There are 
several ways to make your own pots at home. Pots can be made from 
wood if you have the appropriate woodworking tools available. 
Recently I have seen demonstrations of casting pots from a 
combination of cement, peat, vermiculite, and concrete re-
inforcing fibers. This yields a pot which looks like a rock, and 
is surprisingly light weight. See section on hypertufa for 
details.

One other solution which has been used by more than one person is 
to use a plain red clay "drip pan" from a larger pot. You will 
need to make a hole or some holes in the bottom for drainage. 
These can also be painted to cover the fact that it is a simple 
clay pot. 

There are numerous other options. Scout out yard/garage/estate 
sales. (These can also be a source of trained trees, but, in the 
case of estate sales, be careful. If the grower is the one whose 
estate is being sold, there is a good chance the trees are not 
well because they were not properly cared for after the owner 
passed away.) Check for "continuing education classes in your area 
for pottery classes and make your own!

Q: What kinds of insecticides are safe to use on bonsai ?

A: Most professional bonsai growers as well as curators of major 
bonsai collections in the US are currently advocating the use of 
SunSpray UltraFine horticultural oil for insect control. This is 
not meant to be an endorsement of this particular product. It's 
just a fact that this is what most such people are using. SunSpray  
will control most common insect infestations, as detailed in the 
instructions that come with the bottle. Be aware that certain 
trees, such as cryptomeria and some spruces, are sensitive to 
SunSpray's ingredient (paraffinic oil) and may be damaged by it. 
SunSpray should not be used more than four times in a growing 
season. 

A good reference is the Ortho book, available where most Ortho 
products are sold. This book is a big help in diagnosing your 
tree's ills and in selecting an appropriate treatment. 

Q: What about fungus problems ? 

There are many good fungicides on the market, among them Captan, 
Phaltan, Benomyl, and Funginex. The latter is a broader spectrum 
fungicide that is particularly good for treating black spot and 
powdery mildew.

Q. How do I make fertilizer cakes?

A. Bruce Baker answers:

I've made hundreds of pounds of fertilizer cakes---known more 
commonly in the bonsai world as "poo poo balls".  In fact, I now 
go through a couple hundred pounds of it per year.  There are 
recipes for these in several books, including John Naka's, but I 
can give you a couple of pointers that will make it easier for 
you.

To start with you will need the following ingredients: 4 parts 
cottonseed meal, 2 part blood meal, 1 part bone meal, some form of 
liquid fertilizer, and trace elements if your liquid doesn't have 
them.  I start with fifty pound bags of cottonseed, but unless you 
also have a huge collection you can start with a five pound bag. 
You will also need a mellon baller, unless you like to get your 
hands sickeningly dirty.

Step 1--Mix all of the dry ingredients and set aside what you 
don't need at the moment.  About 2/3 of a standard sized bucket of 
dry ingredients produces enough poo poo balls to fertilize about 
100 medium to large bonsai. Store leftover dry fertilizer in an 
airtight container for later use.

Step 2--Put the equivalent of a single application into a bucket. 
Separately mix liquid fertilizer to add to the mixture.  I've used 
liquified kelp and inorganics like Rapid Gro, etc.  Add trace 
elements (you can get concentrated trace elements at good 
nurseries) if you don't use a liquid fertilizer that already 
contains them.  Add the liquid to the solids and stir until you 
have something with about the consistency of oatmeal cookies ready 
to cook.

Step 3--Use the mellon baller to scoop the balls directly onto the 
bonsai soil surface.  You need to apply a bit of pressure against 
the side of the bucket to get them to stick together.

That's all there is to it.  I put on a new application about once 
a month.

Here are all the things that have been recommended by others that 
I DON'T do along with the reasons why:

1.  Don't mix more than you need!!!!  If you do this I guarranty 
you will have a nasty problem drying it.  It will stink, mold, and 
attract maggots and other repulsive insects no matter how much 
Sevin, or other insecticide, you use.  In fact, maggots seem to 
thrive on Sevin-treated poo poo balls if they dry slowly enough.  
If you apply untreated balls directly to the soil
surface, they will dry very quickly without stink or mold and best 
of all, without insects.  Ask anyone who recommends Sevin if it 
really works. ;)

2.  Don't use binders like flour and corn starch.  This just 
doesn't serve any useful purpose.

A final point is that although I am a big believer in organic 
fertilizer for bonsai, I supplement this with inorganics on a 
regular schedule.  The combination results in stronger, better 
colored trees.

--Bruce Baker 

And Hud Nordin answers with:

Recipes vary, but here's one from John Naka's "Bonsai Techniques":

Mix 2 parts of cottonseed-meal and 1 part of blood-meal with water 
to a texture about as soft as an ear lobe. Not too dry or too 
soggy. Form into a small ball about the size of a ping-pong ball 
(1 heaping tablespoon). Flatten each one to 1/2 inch thick and 
place on the surface of each bonsai.

===

Some folks add some fish emulsion. You can use other seed-meals, 
like rape seed. Some recipes call for letting the whole mixture, 
maybe with a little more water at first, ferment until enough 
water has evaporated for it all to become a paste again. You need 
a big yard for this; it's pretty stinky and you'll want it far 
from the living quarters.

Heck, here's another recipe, from Deborah Koreshoff's "Bonsai":

3 parts soya bean meal, 1 part blood and bone, 1 part chicken 
manure, 1 part wood ash, 1 part fish emulsion. Put all the 
ingredients into a container at least 4 times the volume and add 
water to reach a little over half-way up the container (don't fill 
the container completely while fermentation takes place, as the 
liquid may bubble over--also, it is a good idea to keep the lid on 
during this time). When fermentation has stopped (in about 3 
months time) then top-up the bin with water and when the mixture 
settles, use one part of the liquid to five parts of water. [...] 
An alternative to liquid fertilizing is to make fertilizer
cakes. To do so, make the same mixture as above, but use less 
water, or allow the water to evaporate. When it reaches a thick 
consistency, add enough plain flour to make it sticky. Form this 
mixture into small biscuits or cakes and dry in the sun. The cakes 
are simply placed on the surface of the soil and a little 
fertilizer leaches out into the pot each time the bonsai is 
watered. Put four, one in each corner, in a large bonsai pot, two 
in a medium sized one and one in a small bonsai pot.

===

Uhh, make sure you have some rubber gloves for when it comes time 
to form the cakes! Yuck.

Oh, and don't panic if you see some insect larva enjoying the 
fertilizer cakes, or some mold; that's just nature's way of 
letting you know your recipe is nutritious and delicious. I saw 
one recipe that added a little insecticide to make it less 
palatable to creepy crawlers. I don't do that because then the 
possum-biscuits (well, the possums think they are) might harm our 
marsupial friends.
--
Hud Nordin

Q: Help! My bonsai looks sick. What should I do?

A: Fix what's wrong. Unfortunately, you have not provided enough 
detail for us to diagnose your tree's problem. In the meanwhile, 
this can be useful action to take: John Naka's (Bonsai Techniques 
I) emergency treatment for a sick tree: "If the tree shows 
indications of weakness or is sick looking, do not fertilize, nor 
put in complete shade. This is the worst treatment. Carefully take 
it out of the pot and slightly comb out just the outside of the 
firm ball. Plant it in a larger container and keep it in a semi-
shade area, or plant it directly in the ground in a semi-shade 
area. If the tree condition looks very serious, wash off the soil 
completely and plant it in pure sand. Keep it in semi-shade until 
it begins to thrive."

Q: OK, I'm convinced my bonsai is a species that belongs outdoors, 
but, in my climate, winter temperatures are very cold. Won't my 
tree freeze?

A: Yes, it will. So? That's not necessarily a bad thing, if the 
species is hardy to your climate. Trees native to cold climates 
survive winter by going dormant. In fact, they require an annual 
dormancy. Don't let them fool you; they might survive a year or 
two without dormancy, for nature sometimes provides a mild winter, 
but their health will suffer over time.

Trees are signaled by shortened daylight in autumn that cold is 
approaching. Aboveground, the tree protects itself by covering its 
buds and needles that will remain during the winter with a waxy 
secretion to retard water loss. When temperatures drop, the 
permeability of cell walls increases, allowing some water to leave 
the cells, thus preventing freezing water from damaging the cells 
when it expands. Roots are protected in nature by being embedded 
in the thermal mass of earth, often extending well below the frost 
line. The roots of a bonsai, confined within a shallow pot, are 
vulnerable to cold in a way that a natural plant's are not.

When temperatures average below 35 F (2 C), trees become totally 
dormant: there is no growth aboveground and light is not needed. 
Above that, light is beneficial. In either case, they will 
continue to need water, but at a reduced rate; continue to water 
when the soil tells you it is needed, but don't bother watering 
when the soil is completely frozen.

With a bonsai exposed to a cold winter climate, you should be 
concerned about the same things the tree is: the minimum 
termperature the species can tolerate, too rapid freezing, the 
roots, and dryness.

You should be aware of the kind of minimum temperature your tree 
can tolerate. Retailers or books can provide this information. In 
the US, hardiness is often given in terms of the USDA Zone system 
for landscape plants, based on average annual minimum 
temperatures:

Zone  1   Below -50 F  ( Below -46 C)
Zone  2  -50 to -40 F  (-46 to -40 C)
Zone  3  -40 to -30 F  (-40 to -34 C)
Zone  4  -30 to -20 F  (-34 to -29 C)
Zone  5  -20 to -10 F  (-29 to -23 C)
Zone  6  -10 to   0 F  (-23 to -18 C)
Zone  7    0 to  10 F  (-18 to -12 C)
Zone  8   10 to  20 F  (-12 to  -7 C)
Zone  9   20 to  30 F  ( -7 to  -1 C)
Zone 10   30 to  40 F  ( -1 to   4 C)
Zone 11    above 40 F, guaranteed frost free.

For instance, Juniperus chinensis are hardy to USDA Zone 4. In the 
ground, they should survive where average annual minimum 
temperatures are as low as -30 F (-34 C). With excellent winter 
protection, they can survive even colder climates. As bonsai, they 
need some protection to survive extreme climates.

Too rapid freezing can be combatted by insulating the tree with 
mulch or snow, or by putting it in an enclosure that traps air. 
Happily, these measures also defeat the drying winds of winter. 
Roots are helped by these, too, but they are protected better by 
putting the plants into the ground. You can bury the tree in its 
pot, but beware that freezing water can crack a pot. If it would 
be a problem, you can separate the bonsai soil from the earth with 
some shredded bark or similar material. Keep the bonsai out of the 
sun, for rapid variations of temperature cause most of the 
problems. An area out of the wind, such as near a building or a 
hedge, provides added protection. With a little more effort, you 
can create a cold frame for even more protection. This is small 
greenhouse-like structure that will let in light and some heat and 
keep cold winds away.  Further protection can be achieved by 
placing it over an excavated pit, perhaps extending below the 
frost line (then called a sun pit).  On warm days, open up the 
cold frame to keep the plants cool and ventilated. If your 
solution also provides an ideal winter home for wee beasties, you 
should consider enclosing the plants in screening or laying out 
poisonous rodent bait nearby; combat mold by providing a little 
more ventilation and reducing water. Heavy snow or ice can shape a 
bonsai in ways you may not desire; covering with branches or 
firmer structures can protect them.

You have an outdoor bonsai, but limited access to the outdoors? 
That's a problem. If you can't use a friend's land, you might be 
able to use a garage, porch, or balcony to get cold temperatures 
for your bonsai. You may be able to fashion an enclosed space near 
a cracked open window to induce partial dormancy, but watch out 
for condensation and large heat bills. Some people have put their 
bonsai in a spare refrigerator for the winter.  But be careful if you do
this as refrigerators are about as dry as the sahara.

Don't let these suggestions stifle your creativity; you know the
problems to be solved.

Q: How do I get or grow moss?

A: There are a couple of methods.  One would be to try and grow it
from commercially available moss spores.  This is exceedingly difficult.
Perhaps the best method was recommended by Iris Cohen: 
R...look for moss that grows in full sun or close to it. I get mine from 
my driveway or the middle of the lawn. Bill Valavanis gets his from the 
roof of somebody's house. Cracks in the pavement are good. To eliminate
bugs, I rub off excess dirt on the back, and soak a batch of it in a saucer of 
soil insecticide solution for a half-hour or so, then rinse. It will damage 
the moss temporarily, but it comes back in a few weeks or less.S

Q: Being new here would someone tell me the difference between 
rec.arts.bonsai group alt.bonsai and the bonsai mailing list?

A: Usenet's alt.bonsai newsgroup came first; it's easy to 
establish alt groups.  Rec.arts.bonsai came later, following more 
formal creation procedures; rec groups are available at more 
sites, allowing more to participate. Still, some sites only get 
alt.bonsai, so it remains; besides, alt groups are nigh impossible 
to kill off.

Topics that deserve a wider readership can be cross-posted, so
they can be read in either. Rec.arts.bonsai receives more traffic,
so if you have the choice it's the one to get. If your site only
gets alt.bonsai, lobby your site admin for rec.arts.bonsai.

Finally, what really came first, I think, is the bonsai mailing 
list. Shortly after the creation of rec.arts.bonsai, the mailing 
list was gatewayed to it, so what appears on the list 
automatically appears on rec.arts.bonsai, and vice-versa; they 
contain the same messages, delivered in two different ways. If you 
can't get rec.arts.bonsai, subscribe to the list (as described in 
the FAQ).

Q: I'd like to create a large bonsai.  What sort of limits should 
I consider.

A: From John Naka: Bonsai Techniques I:

Large bonsai (OMONO BONSAI) - "The maximum size is about four feet 
tall, not including the pot, and is termed as two man, three man, 
and four man lifting size.  If larger and taller than four feet, 
it is called a HACHI-UYE, and is mainly displayed in a yard or for 
temporary display in a large building."

Other sizes he mentions:

2. Medium size bonsai (CHUMONO BONSAI) - 1-1/2 to 3 ft.

3. One hand lifting size bonsai (KATADE-MOCHI BONSAI) - 8 to 15 
inches

4. Small size bonsai (KOMONO BONSAI) - 4 or 5 to 7 inches

5. Palm size bonsai (MAME BONSAI) - 3 or 4 fit on an average hand

For beginners, I would suggest sizes 2 or 3.  Keep in mind that 
large pots can get quite heavy, and that they must occasionally be 
lifted and moved. An episode of low back strain can considerably 
hamper your bonsai and other activities, so be cautious.

Q: I'm having trouble sharpening my knob and concave cutters, 
any advice?

A: Whatever you do, don't forget the slight overbite ground into 
the cutters. Knob and concave cutter are not ground with a perfect 
match.   When I bought them, I thought it a defect but was told that
 it was the correct grind. Two different stores and different 
manufacturers so I guess it's right. I thought about it a bit and 
concluded that without the slight overbite, the fine edges might 
destroy each other when the blades hit.  If you don't point out the 
overbite to a professional sharpener, they may change the behavior 
of the cutter.

Howard Hayakawa 

Section 5 -- Soils

 BONSAI SOILS

There are two distinct schools of thought with regard to the 
soils. The first, is the 'traditional' school which holds to the 
layering of soils. A 'newer' method uses only one mix through the 
whole pot. Both methods seem to work well. The major argument for 
the layered method is that it has been used for hundreds of years 
with much success. The argument for non-layered soil is that layering 
produces a perched water table, with the finer soil on top holding 
more water than the successively coarser grains below. The non-
layered soil thus has a more even distribution of moisture.  An
excellent article was recently published in "Bonsai Magazine" on
soil structure and its effect on water retention.  A general 
conclusion reached was that layering of soils could produce a 
perched water table, but that the working of the soil with a stick
tended to cause a mixing at the break in the layers.

The formulation of a good general soil mix or one for a particular 
species is a subject that will set off huge arguments among bonsai 
growers. Growing conditions vary widely, as do growing techniques, 
so that the choice of a soil mix depends as much on the local 
climate and the habits of the grower as it does on the preferences 
of individual species of plants.

The idea is to create a balance of moisture- and nutrient-holding 
capacity that is appropriate for the individual tree, location, 
climate, and watering regimen. There are three basic components to 
a soil mix: organic material to provide nutrients which may be 
supplemented by fertilizer, water-retaining material such as 
Turface (fired clay particles), and drainage material such as 
granite grit, to allow excess water to drain freely from the pot 
and avoid suffocation of the root system. Any one or two of these 
components may be eliminated as desired or required. There are 
pines growing in nothing but drainage material, and tropicals 
growing in pure organic material. Talk to local growers about what 
works best for them for particular species, and inquire as to 
their watering habits and siting of their bonsai to see how their 
soil mixes might work for you.

In the meantime, below are some guidelines that might help:

Organic material:
Organic peat humus
Sphagnum peat moss
Composted material,
Compost and manure

Water-holding material:
Turface
Terragreen
Orchid bark
Pine bark

Drainage material:
Granite chicken grit
Quartz grit
Coarse sand
River gravel
Aquarium gravel
Volcanic sand
Crushed volcanic rock
Perlite
Vermiculite
Haydite
Waylite

Layered Soil

When using all three of these types of soil material, the usual 
practice is to layer soils in order to afford good drainage and 
root health. The lower soil layer usually will contain drainage 
material which is in the 1/4" - 1/8" size range. The middle layer 
contains material in the 1/16" - 1/8" size range, and the topmost 
layer contains material from 1/32" to 1/16" in size. These sizes 
of material are obtained by using sieves with at least three 
screens of the appropriate size range. Any material which will 
pass through the smallest screen is unusable and is discarded. If 
you are purchasing materials which are sold in various sizes, 
sifting of soil is usually unnecessary. For example, chicken grit 
comes in developer/layer and starter sizes, which correspond to 
the coarse and medium sizes recommended above. Using these two 
sizes in the soil mix obviates the need to screen, as the grit has 
already been screened prior to packaging.

Species of trees which prefer higher amounts of organic material 
include maples, beeches, azaleas, and most tropicals and sub-
tropicals. Coniferous material such as pines, spruces, and 
junipers ususally prefer soil mixes which contain large amounts of 
drainage material.

Experimentation and observation is the best way to find the right 
soil mix for your tree(s).

It has been noted that many (most?) bonsai nurseries now carry 
prepackaged bonsai soil which can be used as is, or modified for 
your specific trees.

Non-layered Soil

It should also be mentioned that there are two trains of thought 
within this group. Those who use a material like turface 
exclusively, and those who mix materials like pine bark, peat moss 
and sand. The method here is simple enough.  Obtain the material 
you wish to use (mix it if necessary).  Place plastic screening 
over the draining holes, and partially fill the pot with soil.  
Position the tree(s) and add more soil.  Pack the soil in around 
the roots. Water well, Fertilize after a few weeks.

Inorganic Soils

It should also be said that some experts do not believe that the 
trees obtain any significant nourishment from the soils in which 
they are potted.  Roots obtain nourishment from material held in 
solution. They feel the best method for feeding trees is with 
fertilizer. The soil simply holds the roots in place and provides 
a means for trapping moisture in proximity to the roots.

Section 6 -- Watering

Surely, it is time to put Sandy "Knuckles" Vrooman's watering recipe in
the FAQ. Here's the most recent posting of it:

> Rule of thumb?! How about the rule of digit? It is interesting to say some
> thing until you are blue in the face and then have someone new ask the
> same  questions not knowing (no blame) what has been said in the past.

> The Sandy Vrooman method of judging if a plant needs water includes use
> of your index finger as a guide for soil moisture testing. Stick your
> index finger into the soil. If you feel moisture when you are one knuckle
> deep, you are ok (if you are measuring in a 3 inch deep or deeper pot).
> If there is no moisture at the second knuckle, you and your plant may be
> in trouble. There are variations to any theory. If you have a plant 
> with excessive surface roots (like an azalea) you may want to alter the
> knuckle deplth to correspond. With drought tolerant plants like olives
> you may want to use a longer finger.

> Sandy "Knuckles" Vrooman 

Then there is the somewhat obscure statement (which I like to think of as Zen watering):  Wait until the plant is dry, and then water the day before.

Timed or Automatic Watering Systems

While there is no better way to water than checking the needs of each plant, it must be said that there are times and ways that automatic systems may be best.  These systems are used for a variety of reasons: large quantities of plants to water, vacation, regular absences, etc.  Whenever possible water each plant by hand to determine when it needs water and when it has had enough water.  Healthy plants can withstand a week or two of excessive watering, especially if well drained.

Most of these systems consist of commercially available plastic hosing, sprinkler heads, and timers.

Section 7 -- JUNIPERS

The Juniper is one of the most recognized bonsai specimens and is 
frequently the first bonsai purchase many newcomers make. Junipers 
do make very fine bonsai. Although they are not 'difficult' bonsai 
to manage, they are frequently 'mistreated' and therefore do not 
last long. We have gotten LOTS of questions about "brown junipers" 
and what 'first aid' you might give them. Well, we hate to break 
the news to you, but, if you have a brown juniper, it is probably 
dead. Don't get too depressed; even the best have lost a tree...or 
5...or 10. The most common mistakes made with junipers are over 
watering AND lack of sufficient sunlight. Junipers are outdoor 
trees. If you have no way to grow them outside, find some nice 
person who knows about bonsai and can give them a good home. If 
you want to try a juniper anyway, make sure it gets plenty of sun, 
don't over water it, and make sure it gets plenty of air. If you 
have an ailing juniper, and if you have managed to catch it early 
enough, you may want to remove the tree from its pot and bare-root 
it. Then repot it in pure sand. This is an extreme measure. Your 
best bet, if you do want to attempt to save your tree, is to take 
it to a bonsai club or reputable dealer/supplier.

Section 8 -- Indoor bonsai

Many people make the mistake of assuming that since bonsai is in a 
pot, it must be kept indoors. Some people get into bonsai just 
because they want to have a tree inside. Most of the trees you 
will see in the books and magazines, however, are actually kept 
outdoors most, if not all, of the year. Any tree you get which is 
native or "zone hardy" in your area should be kept outdoors. There 
are many trees which may be "outdoor" trees in tropical or semi-
tropical places, but do well indoors given the proper care. 
Windows block a great deal of light...a great deal more than you 
would imagine. Also, unless you have an attached greenhouse, the 
sun will be getting blocked off for at least part of the day due 
to walls, the roof, etc. I would suggest getting some extra lights 
for your trees. I got an inexpensive "shop light" fixture, a 
timer, and two bulbs (one is warm spectrum, one is a "cool 
white"). Total cost was about 25 dollars. I leave the light on 
from 14 to 16 hours per day, and keep my plants as close as 
possible to the tubes. Indoor plants also need different watering 
schedules than outdoor trees. In the summer, when most outdoor 
trees are growing vigorously and have nice warm breezes and a nice 
bright sun, they will usually need to be watered everyday. Indoor 
bonsai are in very different conditions.

A special thank you to Hud Nordin for the following list of indoor 
bonsai.

In Dorothy Young's "Bonsai: the Art and Technique", for warm 
indoor temperatures (65-75 daytime), she suggests:

Araucaria heterophylla (Norfolk Island pine)
Bougainvillea glabra
Brassaia actinophylla (Schefflera)
Calliandra emarginata (powder-puff)
Carissa grandiflora (Natal plum)
Ceratonia siliqua (Carob)
Citrus limon (lemon)
Crassula argentea (jade tree)
Cuphea hyssopifolia (elfin herb)
Cycas revoluta (cycad)
Ehretia microphylla (fukien tea)
Ficus aurea (strangler fig), F. benjamina, deltoidea, microcarpa,
neriifolia, pumila, rubignosa [big win in the fig family!]
Grevillea robusta (silk oak)
Hedera helix (ivy)
Lagerstroemia indica (crape myrtle)
Malpighia coccigera & glabra (miniature holly & Barbados cherry)
Myrtus communis (Greek myrtle)
Olea europaea (olive)
Pithecellobium flexicaule (Texas ebony)
Punica granatum (pomegranate)
Pyracantha coccinea, fortunaea, koidzumii (everlasting thorn,
Chinese fire thorn, Formosa fire thorn)
Sageretia thea (sageretia)
Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper)
Serissa foetida (serissa)
Severinia buxifolia (Chinese box orange)
Syzygium paniculatum (brush cherry)

60 F - 65 F Daytime Temperatures

Araucaria heterophylla (Norfolk Island pine)
Brassaia actinophylla (Schefflera)
Calliandra emarginata (dwarf powder puff)
Ceratonia siliqua (carob tree)
Chamaecyparis pisifera, thyoides (Sawara cypress, dwarf white 
cedar)
Cotoneaster microphyllus (Chinese cotoneaster)
Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar)
Cupressus arizonica, macrocarpa, sempervirens (Arizona, Monterey,
Italian cypress)
Cycas revoluta (cycad)
Ficus benjamina, carica, deltoidea, microcarpa, nerrifolia, 
pumila,
rubiginosa (figs)
Gardenia jasminoides (common gardenia)
Hedera helix (English ivy)
Ilex crenata, vomitoria (Japanese, Yaupon holly)
Juniperus chinensis var. procumbens, squamata (procumbent, 
prostrate
juniper)
Ligustrum japonica (Japanese privet)
Murraya paniculata (Orange jasmine)
Myrtus communis (Greek myrtle)
Nandina domestica (heavenly bamboo)
Olea europaea (European olive)
Pithecellobium flexicaule (Texas ebony)
Pittosporum tobira (Mock orange)
Podocarpus macrophyllus (Buddhist pine)
Polyscias balfouriana, fruticosa (Balfour, ming aralia)
Punica granatum (pomegranate)
Pyracantha coccinea, fortuneana, koidzumii (everlasting thorn, 
Chinese
fire thorn, Formosa fire thorn)
Rhododendron indicum, kiusianum (satsuki, kyushu azalea)
Sageretia thea (sageretia)
Serissa foetida (serissa)
Severinia buxifolia (Chinese box orange)
Ulmus parvifolia (Chinese elm, especially the Catlin)

Cool (40 F - 60 F) Daytime Temperatures

(Bring indoors in winter, and take them outdoors in the spring.)

Buxus microphylla and sempervirens (boxwood)
Chaenomeles japonica (Japanese flowering quince)
Chamaecyparis obtusa, pisifera, thyoides (Hinoki, Sawara cypress,
dwarf white cedar)
Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar)
Ilex crenata (Japanese holly)
Juniperus chinensis var. procumbens, squamata (procumbent, 
prostrate
juniper)
Nandina domestica (heavenly bamboo)
Pyracantha angustifolia, coccinea (fire thorn, everlasting thorn)
Rhododendron indicum, kiusianum (satsuki, Kyushu azalea)
Thuja occidentalis (American arborvitae)
Ulmus parvifola (Chinese elm)
Section 9 -- Clubs, Associations

Clubs and Associations
-------------------------
*Please have your club included here! It is NOT for vanity
purposes, its for the new people to find your group!*
*****************************************************************
               INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
*****************************************************************

BONSAI CLUBS INTERNATIONAL

B.C.I. is a non-profit, world-wide, educational organization
that was created to advance the education of bonsai, to
promote the appreciation and enjoyment of the art of bonsai
and to encourage the formation of Bonsai Clubs, Societies,
Associations and Federations throughout the world. Membership 
in BCI is open to all individuals and clubs that have an interest
in bonsai. Benefits of membership include:

BONSAI MAGAZINE - Six issues per year of an outstanding magazine.
AUDIO/VIDEO LIBRARY - Largest bonsai a/v lending library anywhere.
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS - Sponsorship of bonsai conventions
around the world.
VIDEOS - Videos that are available only from BCI.
BOOKS - Buy your books at a discount.

Membership in BCI will bring the world of bonsai to your door.
Membership helps to promote bonsai world-wide.
Join BCI and help spread the love and enjoyment of bonsai.

Bonsai Clubs International
Department IN
c/o Virginia Ellerman
2636 W. Mission Road #277
Tallahassee, FL 32304-2556
USA
FAX 904.864.1410
Membership dues of US $36.00 per year

*****************************************************************
                           AFRICA
*****************************************************************

Natal Midlands Bonsai Society
Box 101351
Pietermaritzburg
Natal
South Africa

We meet every second saturday of the month and have demo's and
workshops.

Contact : RClive McInnes" 

*****************************************************************
                            ASIA
*****************************************************************

None submitted yet.  How odd.

*****************************************************************
                          AUSTRALIA
*****************************************************************

None Submitted, but we know you're out there  ;-)

*****************************************************************
                        EASTERN EUROPE
*****************************************************************

None Submitted

*****************************************************************
                          MIDDLE EAST
*****************************************************************

None Submitted

*****************************************************************
                EUROPEAN UNION and CENTRAL EUROPE
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Europe
*****************************************************************

- European Bonsai Association (E.B.A.)
c/o Groenstraat 28
B-9170 WAASMUNSTER

*****************************************************************
                           Austria
*****************************************************************

- Osterreichischer Bonsai Club
Zaunmullerstrasse 1
A-4020 LINZ

*****************************************************************
                           Belgium
*****************************************************************

- Vlaamse Bonsaivereniging V.Z.W
Eikstraat 60
B-9300 AALST

*****************************************************************
                           Czecoslovaquia
*****************************************************************

- Ing. Karel Jan Stolc
Veletrzni 29
17000 PRAHA

*****************************************************************
                           Denmark
*****************************************************************

Dansk Bonsaiselskab
 -----------------------------------------------
 Soren Jensen  (2. char is danish 'oe')
 Hovangshaven 25,1      (2. char is danish 'oe')
 6700 Esbjerg
 Denmark
 telf.:75 45 38 20
 ----------------------------------------------
 E-Mail contact, use member :
 Klaus_Buddig_Johansen@online.pol.dk,Internet

*****************************************************************
                           France
*****************************************************************
Update : December 1994
Created by : Patrick SCHERMESSER  (schermes@jupiter.saclay.cea.fr)
Distributed by : Laurent GENTZBITTEL (gentz@cicc.univ-bpclermont.fr)

Bonsai Club de Nice
MJC Nice Magnan
31 Rue louis Coppet
0600 Nice

Bonsai Club d'Ornaison
Mr Bourdin
Cite Le Pech
11200 Ornaison

Bonsai Club du Rouergat
CAYSSAC
12740 LA LOUBIERE

San Sui Bonsai Association
Mr Tran VAn Ba
Quartier Rigoues
13122 VENTABREN

Le club JArdin
Mas du moutonnet
Les quatres Chemins
13140 MIRAMAS

Bonsai Club du VAL
Laure GARNIER
9 Rue des Cailloins
14123 CORMELLES LE ROYAL

Bonsai Club du VAL
M. Barreau
1657 Rue de Breteville
14123 IFS

Amateurs de Bonsai
de  la Charente Maritime
17700 SURGERES

Bonsai Loisir Saint Brieuc
Park Rouz
22440 TREMUSSON

Bonsai Club du Manoir
4 Impasse des Muriers
27460 IGOVILLE

Bonsai Club de Cornouaille
12 allee P. Blayau
KERMORGUER
29000 QUIMPER

Bonsai Club de l'Iroise
29490 GUIVAPAS

Bonsai Club Toulousain
MR Cardel
7 Av de Castellardit
31000 Toulouse

Bonsai Club de Montpellier
14 rue du college
34000 MONTPELLIER

Bezier Bonsai Club
Maison de la Vie associative
15 rue du Gal Margueritte
34500 BEZIER

Societe Horticole d'ille et vilaine
Section Bonsai
6 ave du Languedoc
35000 RENNES

ABCD Bonsai
Mr ROUXEL
151 Av Jean Perrot
38100 GRENOBLE

Bonsai Clup Alpin
Mr SUUN
Belle Fontaine
38110 ST CLAIR DE LA TOUR

Bonsai Club de Bourgoin
Mr Coquaz
7 rue Albert Camus
38300 BOURGOIN JALLIEU

Bonsai Club du Gresivaudan
Mme Passagia
63 rue A. MAlraux
38290 CROLLES

Groupe Bonsai de l'Estuaire
Mr Pringent
14 rue Richepin
 
Mr Pringent
14 rue Richepin
44600 ST NAZAIRE

Bonsai Lotois
M RACHOU
Le Cairac
46150 CALAMANE

Bonsai Dervois
M JEANJEAN
52220 LONGEVILLE / LAINE

ANAB
Mr Roi
54 bis rue de METZ
54000 NANCY

Bonsai Club de la Nievre
les jardins d'Omiya
128 route de Lyon plagny
58000 SERMOISE / LOIRE

Bonsai Club Lyonnais
Mr BOIS
2 rue Bichat
69002 Lyon

Bourgogne BOnsai Club
Mr LEGLISE
Route de Givry
71640 DRACY le FORT

Yamadori Bonsai Club
Mr SOMM
Le tresort vert
74370 ARGONAY

Club vendeen du bonsai
M Dunet
Le moulin des landes
85430 AUBIGNY

Societe horticole de Sens
6 les caves
ST martin du tertre
89100 SENS

Bonsai club de la puisaye
Mlle GRASSET
31 rue arrault
89130 TOUCY

Le petit Arbre
Mr Mohamed
287 Av jean Jaures
95100 ARGENTEUIL

Bonsai Club de ST Gratien
17 av Simon Hayem
95210 ST GRATIEN

Bonsai Club du tampon
110 rue des Poinsetias
97430 LE TAMPON-REUNION

Association Bonsai caledonien
Mr LIEGOIS
6 rue Francois Ecorchon
NOUMEA
NLLE CALEDONIE

Bonsai Club d'Antibes
M MERCADIER
299 Chemon du val pomme
06410 BIOT

Bonsai AUbois
Mr Thomas
34 rue des BAudons
10120 Saint POUANGE

ABC du Bonsai
res les Jardins de l"aude F4
11000 CARCASSONNE

Bonsai Club de Provence
Centre Culturel Communal
Avenue Jean Sliman
13720 LA BOUILLADISSE

Club du Bonsai de Basse Normandie
Mr Fourcault
8 rue ST Exupery
14123 IFS/BOURG

Bonsai Club de la Charente
Mr Marty
L'Ouche du Roy
16400 PUYMOYEN

Bonsai Club de Bourges
Mr Bellot
24 allee A. Rodin
18000 Bourges

Bonsai Club Vierzonnais
M. Mairesse
Rue Elysee Reclus
18100 VIERZON

Bonsai Gaulois
Le village
21150 MUSSY LA FOSSE

Bonsai Emeraude Rance
Mr Bourbeillon
14 place Duguesclin
22100 DINAN

Bonsai Club Girondin
Mr SACAL
355 route du Bouilh
33 240 ST andre de CUBZAC

Bonsai Clubd d'aquitaine
Maison des associations
Place de l'eglise
33520 BRUGES

Bonsai Club Serignais
Mr medina
Chemin des layres
34410 SERIGNAN

Bonsai Club du Forez
Mr Gandin
1 lot du Volvon
42340 VEAUCHE

Club des amis du bonsai
Mr Kervel
53 rue G. Bizot
44300 NANTES

Bonsai Club du Val de Loire
Mr Bidou
11 rue Bellebat
45000 ORLEANS

Bonsai club du plateau picard
4 rue de picardie
60130 ST JUST EN CHAUSSEE

Bonsai Club Alenconnais
14 rue des 15 fusilles
61400 MORTAGNE

Club Palois du Bonsai
Mme Belisson
14 rue de l'aubisque
64000 PAU

L'arbre en Pot
c/o JJ VERMARE
98 rue de verdun
69100 VILLEURBANNE

Les amis des bonsai de Plaisir
Catherine Chicard
121 rue J Brel
78370 PLAISIR

Bonsai Deux Sevres
Mr ARNAUD
23 route du Mougon
79260 LA CRECHE

Bonsai Club Avignon
Mr Gossand
37 Av de la republique
84000 AVIGNON

Bonsai club de Poitiers
M. Nonnet
46 rue d"artigny
86000 POITIERS

Bonsai Point du jour
Mr Molesti
87 Rue Marguerite Renaudin
92140 CLAMART

AFAB
M. Du Sorbier
8 rue lakanal
92230 SCEAUX

Bonsai YAMADORI
c/o MARIAUD
BEAUSOLEIL
Chemin des asones
0400 DIGNE LES BAINS

Atelier Bonsai des ardennes
Mme CHAFFER
Rue de L'enclos
08150 ROUVROY / AUDRY

Club Bonsai La Boulladisse
Mr ENARD
Chemin de Coutran
13720 LA BOUILLADISSE

Club du Bonsai Rhodanien
M POUZET
23 rue des Berouds
38150 SALISSE / SANNE

SLV Saint alban Bonsai
38550 ST MAURICE L'EXIL

Bonsai club Blesois
5 Av Montaigne
41000 BLOIS

Bonsai Club d"anjou
Mr FLOCK
17 rue du pied Moisi
49000 ANGERS

Bonsai club de lorraine
COJFA
1 Rue du Coetlosquet
57000 METZ

L'arbre dans la main
M. Delforge
10 rue Ancienne Dreve
59830 BACHY

Bonsai Club du Calaisis
Mr Thomas
13 rue des Payens Sud
62370 NORTERQUE

Les amis du bonsai
Mr denis
93 rue Barbin
72100 Le Mans

Club Bonsai et Nature
9 Bd Colonel Aubry
79300 BRESSUIRE

Bonsai club du Limousin
87520 La bouteille de Veyrac

The following appear to be national groups:

- Association Frangaise des amateurs de Bonsai (A.F.A.B.)
28 rue Lakanal
92000 SCEAUX
 -------------------------
- Federation Francaise de Bonsai (F.F.B.)
25, rue de Chateaubriand
92290 Chatenay-Malabry

*****************************************************************
                           Germany
*****************************************************************

- Bonsai-Club Verein Europaischer Miniaturbaumereunde e.V.
Postfach 106209
D-6900 Heidelberg
 -------------------------
Bonsai - Zentrum Muenster
Wolfgang Klemend
Weselerstr. 57
D-4400 Muenster
Germany
(note: Club AND Nursery)

*****************************************************************
                           Grece
*****************************************************************

- Nicolas ROUNTIS
Roynth Kifissias Ave. 105 a
Erychros Stavros
Athens

*****************************************************************
                           Holland
*****************************************************************

Nederlandse Bonsai Vereniging NBV
Rembrandtlaan 40
2271 GJ  VOORBURG
The Netherlands

*****************************************************************
                           Italia
*****************************************************************

- Associazione Italiana Bonsai
Via G. Bruno 2
I- 50136 Florence
 -------------------------
- Bonsai Club d'Italia
Str. Mongreno 341
I-10132 Turin

*****************************************************************
                           Luxembourg
*****************************************************************

- Bonsai Club Luxembourg
4, citi Kennedy
L-7234 Walferdange

*****************************************************************
                           Norway
*****************************************************************

- Karli Eriksen
Asbjornsensgatan 35 A
7000 Trondheim
 -------------------------
Stavanger Bonsai Forening
v/ Thomas Nilsen
Postbox 14, Sundebrotet
4040 Harfsfjord, Norge
telf.: 51 59 09 65

*****************************************************************
                           Spain
*****************************************************************

- Asociacion Espanola de Bonsai
Escuela Municipal de Jardineria
Paseo de la Pechina 15
E-8 Valencia

*****************************************************************
                           Sweden
*****************************************************************

Svenska Bonsaisdllskapet  (a with two dots over)
c/o Margit Keberger       (a with a ring over)
Kornbodsg. 27
S-72481 Vdsteres

*****************************************************************
                           United Kingdom
*****************************************************************

The federation of British Bonsai Societies
Kath Hughes,
Rivendale,
14 Somerville Road,
Sutton Coldfield,
West Midlands.
B73 6JA.
Tel.:0121 354 8107
Fax.:0121 321 1131

BEDFORDSHIRE BONSAI SOCIETY
Mr J Mulcahy, 65 Richmond Hill, Luton Bedfordshire

BONSAI KAI
C.P. Ellis, 39 West Square, London SE11 4SP

BRISTOL BONSAI SOCIETY
D Barton, 35 Clevedon Road, Failand, Bristol, Avon BS8 3UL

BRITISH BONSAI ASSOCIATION
W.J. Horan, 23 Nimrod Road, Streatham, London SW16 6SZ

COTSWOLD BONSAI SOCIETY
S J Palmer, Keens Cottage, Middle Hill, Stroud, Gloucestershire

CROYDON BONSAI GROUP
Barabara Lunt, Tanglewood, Coldharbour, Common Rd, Lingfield, Surrey

EAST MIDLANDS BONSAI SOCIETY
H Tomlinson, Greenwood Gardens, Ollerton Road, Arnold, Nottingham

KEW KAI BONSAI
Mrs C Hall, 7 Crane Park Road, Twickenham, Middlesex, TW2 6DF

LINCOLN BONSAI SOCIETY
P Waller, 16 Rowan Road, Brant Road, Lincoln, LN5 9BS

MANCHESTER BONSAI SOCIETY
G L Fuller, 160 Cheadle Old Road, Edgeley, Stockport, SK3 9RH

MIDDLESEX BONSAI SOCIETY
Mrs J McCarthy, 54 Treganna Avenue, Harrow, Middlesex, HA2 8QS

MIDLAND BONSAI SOCIETY
Mrs V F Smart, 158 Bridgenorth Road, Wightwick, Wolverhampton WV6 8BE

NATIONAL BONSAI SOCIETY
W Faulkner, 24 Bidston Road, Liverpool L4 7XJ

NORFOLK BONSAI ASSOCIATION
Mrs J Carr, 27 West End, Old Costessy, Norwich, Norfolk

SCOTTISH BONSAI ASSOCIATION
J Russell 22 Buccleugh Street, Edinburgh EH8 91L

SOLENT BONSAI SOCIETY
R Filsell, 317 Forton Road, Gosport, Hants. PO12 3HF

SUSSEX BONSAI SOCIETY
D Piggott, 3 Noah's Ark Lane, Linfield, Sussex

WALTHAM FOREST BONSAI SOCIETY
Mrs V Butcher, 171 Shernall Street, Walthamstow, London E17 9MX

YORKSHIRE BONSAI ASSOCIATION
c/o the General Secretary, The United Reform Church,
Headingley Lane, Leeds 6, West Yorkshire

*****************************************************************
                          NORTH AMERICA
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                             CANADA
*****************************************************************

The Toronto Bonsai Society
Contact-Eva Davidson (416)635-6851

They meet on the second Monday of every month starting at 7pm in the
Floral Hall at...

The Civic Garden Centre
777 Lawrence Ave East @ Leslie St.

*****************************************************************
                      UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
*****************************************************************
*****************************************************************
                           Arizona
*****************************************************************

Phoenix Bonsai Society (since 1962)
Meets first three Tuesdays @ 7:30 pm September thru May
@ Valley Garden Center, 1809 N. 15th Ave. (just north of McDowell)
First meeting is small show of trees and lecture/demonstration,
Second & third meetings are hands-on workshops.
Dues are $20/individual, $30/family.
Visitors always welcome.

*****************************************************************
                           California
*****************************************************************

Kusamura Bonsai Club
Meets second Friday of each month
7 pm beginner's meeting, 8 pm regular meeting
Visitors welcome
Location: First Congregational Church
85 Louis Road (at Embarcadero)
Palo Alto, CA
 -------------------------
San Diego Bonsai Club, Inc.
PO Box 40037
San Diego, CA 92164
(619) 231 - 9899
Meets 2nd Sunday each month in Rm 101, Casa del Prado, Balboa Park 
at 10am.
 -------------------------
Bonsai Institute of California
PO Box 6268
Whittier, CA 90609 USA
*****************************************************************
                           Connecticut
*****************************************************************

The Bonsai Society of Greater New Haven

Generally, we meet the second Tuesday of each month at the Carriage house at Edgerton Park in New Haven, at 7:30 p.m.  Each regular meeting
we have a speaker who does a demonstration and then we raffle off the
tree.

Membership dues are $20/year individual and $25/year family.

Susan Cheslock (SueQball@AOL.COM)
Treasurer
 -------------------------
Yama Ki Bonsai Society 
165 West End Avenue - 12D 
New York, NY 10023-5509 
President: Selma Bernstein (914)633-8338 
 
Serving Westchester, NY and Southwestern CT 
Meets 2nd or 3rd Saturday of Month at Bartlett Arboretum, Stamford CT 
Celebrated 20th Anniversary December 1993 
Publishes Almanac similar to FAQ with section for recording data on your
plants (3-ring binder) 
Publishes Monthly Newsletter on meetings and demonstrations 
Club exhibitions and critiques 
Participates in NY Botanical Garden Bonsai Exhibition 
Member of MidAtlantic Bonsai Clubs 

*****************************************************************
                           Georgia
*****************************************************************

Atlanta Bonsai Society Inc.
P.O.Box 18653
Atlanta,Ga.30326
 Ph.(404)876-5827

*****************************************************************
                           Illinois
*****************************************************************

Prairie State Bonsai Society
(formerly Morton Arboretum Bonsai Society)
P. O. Box 2634
Glen Ellyn, IL 60138-2634
Meets 4th Monday of the month at College of DuPage.
 -------------------------
Midwest Bonsai Society
P. O. Box 1373
Highland Park, IL 60035
Meets 1st Monday of the month at the Chicago Botanical Society 
Gardens
in Glencoe, IL.

*****************************************************************
                           Indiana
*****************************************************************

Indianapolis Bonsai Club
PO Box 20222
Indianapolis, IN 46220

*****************************************************************
                         Massachussets
*****************************************************************

Northeast Bonsai Association
P.O. Box 1172
Melrose, MA 02176
Attn: Robert Downey

*****************************************************************
                           Michigan
*****************************************************************

The Ann Arbor Bonsai Society
Meets the 4th Wednesday of the month at 7:30pm
Matthaei Botanical Gardens
Ann Arbor, MI

Contact: John T. Lindsay (313) 878 6237
 -------------------------
The Bonsai Society - Kalamazoo
Kalamazoo MI

Meets the 2nd Monday of the month (except December)
7:00pm at Kalamazoo Nature Center
7000 North Westnedge Ave
Kalamazoo, MI 

Further Info contact:
Henri F. Vermeulen (616) 343-4518 (evenings) HFVERM@aol.com
Alan Jacobs (616) 349-3535 jacobs@wmich.edu
 -------------------------
Four Seasons Bonsai Club
Meetings at 2pm on the 4th Sunday of the month at
Good Shepherd Lutheran Church
814 N. Campbell
Royal Oak, MI USA
Contact Info:
Rick Mikulak +1 313 563 4079

*****************************************************************
                           Minnesota
*****************************************************************

Minnesota Bonsai Society
Department CP
P.O. Box 32901
Minneapolis, MN 55432

*****************************************************************
                           Minnesota
*****************************************************************

Bonsai Society of Southwest Missouri
P.O. Box 6241
Springfield, Missouri 65801-6241
We meet the third Sunday of every month.
David Crighton #: (417) 831-4397

*****************************************************************
                           New Hampshire
*****************************************************************

American Bonsai Society
Box 358
Keene, NH 03431
Dues $ 20.00 per year, includes quarterly Journal of the American
Bonsai Society.

*****************************************************************
                           New Jersey
*****************************************************************

The Great Swamp Bonsai Society.  
Frelinghuysen Aboretum, Morristown NJ

It meets the second Tuesday of each month at 7:30PM


*****************************************************************
                           New Mexico
*****************************************************************

Albuqerque Bonsai Club
c/o Albuquerque Garden Clubs
PO Box 3065
Albuquerque, NM 87190
(505) 296-6020
Meets first Wednesday of all months but July, August, &
December at 7:00 pm Marty Weiser, president through 
9/30/94 weiser@crank.unm.edu (505) 277-2831 (daytime),
(505) 899-0450 (before 9 pm MT)

*****************************************************************
                           New York
*****************************************************************

Long Island Bonsai Society
PO Box 600
Oakdale, NY 11769-0600

phone # 516-567-0388
Meets the 2nd Monday of each Month

2nd Sunday in Jan/Feb. Meetings are held at Planting
Fields Arboretum in Oyster Bay, 10:00am.
JAMES STOPFER 
 -------------------------
Bonsai Kai of Central New York
Membership: contact Mrs. Cora Goldsworth
119 Fiordon Road, DeWitt, NY 13214
Phone 315-446-0852
Newsletter: Eileen Abraham
7617 West Sorrel Hill Road, Baldwinsville, NY 13027
We're small, but we put on a very good show every fall.
 -------------------------
Bonsai Society of Upstate New York
POB 92215
Rochester, NY 14692
Newsletter: Andrea Petitto, ALPET@AOL.COM
Phone 716-289-6004
This is the one you must join; 3 of the members have trees in the National
Collection in Washington
 -------------------------
Mohawk Hudson Bonsai Society
c/o pfm bonsai studio
Pauline Muth
7 Western Avenue, West Charlton, NY 12010
Phone 518-882-1039
Also a commercial grower; indoor & outdoor trees, workshops.
 -------------------------
Greater New York Bonsai Society
c/o Phil Tacktill
Jiu San Bonsai Company
1243 Melville Road, Farmingdale, NY 11735
Phone 516-293-9246
Also a commercial grower; big collection, indoor & outdoor trees, big
variety, quality so-so, good prices, friendly, no botanical names
 -------------------------
Garden Center of Rochester Bonsai Society
Ms. Marian Wicks
82 East Manitou Road, Rochester, NY 14612

*****************************************************************
                           North Carolina
*****************************************************************

Triangle Bonsai Society
PO Box 9
Garner, NC  27529

This club meets on the first Sunday of every month at Sertoma Arts Center
in Raleigh.  Meeting format varies; usually it's some kind of demo or
workshop, often by guest masters.  The December meeting is traditionally
a "dutch" style auction of donated materials and plants.

*****************************************************************
                           Pennsylvania
*****************************************************************

Pennsylvania Bonsai Society
H. David Spirt, Treasurer
1427 Joel Dr.
Ambler, PA 19002
Dues: $15.00 individual, $20 family, $500 life.
 
President: Jim Brant (215) 948-6380
VicePresident: John Weiseman (215) 677-2885
Secretary: Linda Brant
Treasurer: H. David Spirt (215) 646-3433
 -------------------------
Contacts for the Pittsburgh Bonsai Society are:

Bessie L. Roberts, News Letter
1879 Fairlawn Street
Pittsburgh, PA 15221

Bob Salvatora, Treasure
6048 Morrow Ave
Gibsonia, PA 15044
 -------------------------
Susquehanna Bonsai Club
1451 Pleasant Hill Road
Harrisburg, PA 17112
(717) 545-4555
Meets third Monday of each month at various places, most often
at Nature's Way Nursery.
 -------------------------
One club of long standing is the Brandywine Bonsai Society. They generally
hold their meetings in Kennett Square, Chester County about 35 miles
southwest of Philadelphia. The meeting site is quite near the famous
Longwood Gardens.

Though I'm not a member I'm pretty good friends with the club's founder,
Doris Froning (she's my mother). "Dorie", as everyone calls her, is on the
board of directors for the Bonsai Pavillion of the National Arboretum.

Please use directory assistance for her phone number. Thanks.
Andrew Froning 

*****************************************************************
                           Rhode Island
*****************************************************************

Rhode Island
Newport Bonsai Club
(401) 683-7826
Gary Bolstridge
meets first Wednesday of each month

*****************************************************************
                           Virginia
*****************************************************************

Potomac Bonsai Association
Beth Potratz, Membership Coordinator
1101 Pekay Street SW
Vienna, VA 22180
(703) 255-9386

The PBA is an association of eleven bonsai clubs in Virginia, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, and the District of Columbia. Dues vary depending on which
member club you want to join. A subscription to the PBA newsletter
_Clippings_ is US $15, or US $35 for international mail. The PBA conducts
a spring show at the National Arboretum and a fall symposium as well as
other events during the year.

*****************************************************************
                           Washington
*****************************************************************

There is a large bonsai group based in Seattle--The Puget Sound Bonsai Assn.
that covers the greater Puget Sound area in Washington State.  PSBA has
around 400 members and holds six general meetings a year that include
demonstrations by visiting and local masters plus workshops for members
the day of and day before with the masters.  Most meetings/activities are
held at the Center for Urban Horticulture on the University of Washington
Campus.  Guests are always welcome at the Monday night demonstrations .

For more info on the group contact President Timm Patterson at (206)
285-6633 or write to PSBA  at PO Box 15437, Seattle WA 98115-0437.

*****************************************************************
                           Wisconsin
*****************************************************************
Try contacting the Green Bay Botanical Garden
Box 1913,
Green Bay,WI 54305
Phone 414 432 4224
 -------------------------
Milwaukee Bonsai Society
P.O. Box 198
Brookfield WI 53008-0198 USA
Meetings begin at 7:00pm the first Tuesday of each Month from
Feb-Nov. McCarty Park Pavilion 2567 S. 79th St., West Allis, WI

Their mailing address is 
Milwaukee Bonsai Society, 
P.O. Box 198, 
Brookfield WI, 53008-0198

*****************************************************************
                         SOUTH AMERICA
*****************************************************************

None submitted yet.

-------------------------
Suiseki 

This is the second year of the California Suiseki Society made up of
approx 30 active members mainly in the Northern calif. area. my name is
John R Quinn and I can be reached at P.O. Box 2924 Petaluma, Ca 94952.  If
yoy have an interest in this art form we welcome all to our club.
Section 10 -- Reading material (Books and Magazines)

  Books
  -------------------------
  BONSAI
  The Complete Guide to Art & Technique
  by Paul Lesniewicz
  published by Blandford Press

BONSAI- Art & Technique
1987, Basilius Verlag
ISBN 3-85560-081-3
Printed in Switzerland
Bill Valavanis writes this about the book:
This is a large format book, full of color photos and each page is
translated in four languages. I do not know the price, as the book was a
gift in 1987. I have not seen it anywhere for sale.

  Indoor Bonsai
  by Paul Lesniewicz
  published by Blandford Press

  The Creative Art of Bonsai
  by Isabelle & Remy Samson
  Ward Lock Ltd  ISBN 0 7063 7024 4

  BONSAI with American Trees
  by Masakuni Kawasumi
  published by Kodansha International Ltd
  ISBN 0-87011-246-5

  Bonsai Techniques
  by John Yoshio Naka
  Published for the Bonsai Institute of California.

  The Complete Book of Bonsai
  by Harry Tomlinson
  Abbeville Press, 1991   224p
  $30.00
  (Hardbound. ISBN:1-55859-118-4)

  The Complete Bonsai Handbook
  By Darlene Dunton
  Stein and Day Publishers
  ISBN 0-8128-6008-X

  Four Seasons of Bonsai
  by Kyuzo Murata

  The Beginner's Guide to American Bonsai
  By Jerald P. Stowell
  ISBN 0-87011-326-7

  The Masters' Book of Bonsai
  Compiled by Directors of The Japan Bonsai Association
  published by Kodansha International Ltd
  ISBN 0-87011-453-0

  Bonsai: Illustrated Guide to an Ancient Art
  Ed: Patricia Hart Clifford
  published by: Sunset Publishing Corporation
  ISBN 0-376-03045-3

  American Bonsai Society-Bonsai Clubs International Book Service
  C/O Vernon Weeks   Dept "B"
  3740 Louisiana Ave. N.
  New Hope  MN  55427 USA
  Tel: (612) 537-6984
  FAX: (904) 864-1410

ABS-BCI list...
Title (Author)

Prices ($US)
    List   Member Postage        Title
=========  ======  ===== ====================================
 1. 17.95   14.50  2.50  THE ART OF BONSAI (Peter Adams)
 2. 19.95   16.00  2.50  THE ART OF INDOOR BONSAI (Ainsworth)
                           David & Charles, 1989. (Hardback. 
ISBN:0-943955-11-4)
                           Trafalgar Square ( David & Charles ), 1992.
                           (Paperbound. ISBN:0-943955-58-0)  128 p.  $19.95
                           Good pages on basic techniques and basic ideas for
                           growing indoors.  66 pages devoted to care and
                           feeding of 33 species which work well indoors.
 3.  9.95    7.95  2.00  BEGINNING BONSAI (Shirley & Larry Student)
 4. 49.95   40.00  3.25  BONSAI (Deborah Koreshoff)
 5. 35.00   28.00  3.00  BONSAI (Susan Resnick)
 6.  9.95    7.95  2.00  BONSAI BASICS (Pessey & Samson)
 7. 29.95   25.00  2.50  THE BONSAI BOOK (Barton)
                           Trafalgar Square (David & Charles), 1990.
                           (Hardback. ISBN:0-85223-742-1)
 8. 17.95   17.95  PAID  BONSAI BOOK OF PRACTICAL FACTS (Meyer)
 9. 27.95   22.50  3.25  BONSAI IN YOUR HOME (Paul Lesniewicz)
10. 14.95   12.00  2.50  BONSAI MASTERCLASS (Chan)
                           Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1993
                           (Paperbound. ISBN:0-8069-6763-3) $14.95
11. 14.98   12.00  3.00  BONSAI STEP BY STEP GROWING & DISPLAYING
                           (Lewis/Sutherland)
12. 16.95   13.50  2.00  BONSAI STEP BY STEP TO GROWING SUCCESS
                           (Dave Pike)
13. 25.00   25.00  Paid  BONSAI TECHNIQUES I (Naka)
14. 35.00   35.00  Paid  BONSAI TECHNIQUES II (Naka)
15. 29.95   25.00  3.00  THE BONSAI WORKSHOP (H. Gustafson)
16. 12.95   10.50  2.00  THE BONSAI YEARBOOK (Paul Goff)
17. 27.95   22.50  2.75  BONSAI: THE COMPLETE GUIDE (Paul Lesniewicz)
18. 14.00   12.00  2.50  BONSAI: TREES & SHRUBS (Perry)
19. Brooklyn Botanical Gardens Handbooks:
  a) 6.95    5.75  1.75 first,   BONSAI FOR INDOORS
                                   Sewall Company, 1991.
                                   (Paperbound. ISBN:0-945352-59-X)
  b) 6.95    5.75  0.50 each     BONSAI: SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
                   additional      Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1992.
                                   (Paperbound. ISBN:0-945352-02-6)
  c) 6.95    5.75                BONSAI: DWARF POTTED TREES
  d) 6.95    5.75                JAPANESE GARDENS
20. 29.95   25.00  2.50  CHINESE BONSAI (Ilona Lesniewicz)
21. 39.95   32.00  3.00  CHINESE PENJING (Hu)
22. 100.00  75.00  Paid  CLASSIC BONSAI OF JAPAN (Nippon Bonsai Assoc.)
23. 35.00   28.00  3.25  THE COMPLETE BOOK OF BONSAI (Tomlinson)
24. 19.95   16.00  2.50  THE CREATIVE ART OF BONSAI (Samson)
25. 24.95   20.00  2.50  FOUR SEASONS OF BONSAI (Murata)
                           Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1990.
                           (Hardback. ISBN:4-7700-1498-8)
26. 17.95   14.00  2.50  THE GRAFTER'S HANDBOOK (R. J. Garner)
27.  8.95    7.25  2.00  INDOOR BONSAI (Ainsworth)
28. 14.95   12.00  2.00  INDOOR BONSAI (Paul Lesniewicz)
29. 16.95   14.00  2.25  INDOOR BONSAI: A BEGINNER'S GUIDE (Pike)
30. 24.95   20.00  3.00  THE JAPANESE ART OF MINIATURE TREES
                           & LANDSCAPES   (Yoshimura & Halford)
31. 30.00   24.00  2.50  THE JAPANESE ART OF STONE APPRECIATION
                             (Covello & Yoshimura)
32. 40.00   32.00  3.00  JAPANESE MAPLES (Vertrees)
33. 35.00   28.00  3.25  THE LIVING ART OF BONSAI (Professor Amy Liang)
34. 29.95   24.00  3.25  MINIATURE LIVING BONSAI LANDSCAPES (H. Gustafson)
35. 29.95   20.00  2.00  OUTSTANDING AMERICAN BONSAI (Clark)
36. 39.95   20.00  3.00  PENJING: THE CHINESE ART OF
                           MINIATURE GARDENS (Hu)
37. 29.95   25.00  2.50  POPULAR BONSAI (Pike)
38. 14.00   12.00  2.50  S & S GUIDE TO BONSAI (Simon & Schuster)
39. 14.95   12.25  2.50  SUCCESSFUL BONSAI SHAPING (Adams)

================================== CUT HERE ================================== 

*** 3. 45.00   36.00  2.50 Bonsai, The Art & Technique (Young)
??? 6. 24.95   20.00  2.00 Bonsai Design:
                           Deciduous & Conifer Trees (Adams)
                           Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1990
                           (Hardback. ISBN:0-7063-6836-3)      143 p.
??? 19. 29.95   22.00  2.00 Hagamos Bonsai (Botero) [Spanish Text]
??? 28.  8.95    7.25  1.50 Successful Bonsai Growing (Adams)
??? 30. 75.00   60.00  Paid The World of Bonsai (Lesniewicz)
??? 31. 14.95   12.00  1.50 Bonsai: The Art of Training Dwarf
                        Potted Trees (Brook. Bot. Gard.) [Video]

*** No longer available per Mr. Weeks.

Tiny Trees Book Sales
PO Box 5834
Hauppauge, NY. 11788-0170

International Bonsai
POB 23894
Rochester, New York 14623
Phone (716) 334-2595
(Editor's  note :  This is   the most  informative of  the bonsai
magazines  for beginners,  and  is  recommended for  the advanced
grower also.)

Plants and gardens, Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record. -- Handbook
     Vol.  9 No. 22 Dwarfed Potted Trees, The Bonsai of Japan
     Vol. 22 No.  2 Bonsai: Special Techniques
     Vol. 32 No.  2 Bonsai for Indoors

Brooklyn Botanical Gardens
1000 Washington Ave
Brooklyn, NY 11225

Art of Bonsai(Adams)
Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1992.
(Paperbound. ISBN:0-7063-7116-X)
$17.95
Very good book for explaining strategy of training certain trees.
Unfortunately ignores maples. Part 1: Profiles on 1) Beech and Hornbeam
2) Elm and Zelkova 3) mixed Juniper species & Cryptomeria (~20 pages each)
explaining conditions for growing and production cycle over the first
6 years of growing and training.
Part 2: 16 case histories of authors own plants illustrating techniques
and strategies.

Simon and Schuster's Guide to Bonsai (Giorgi)
Simon & Schuster Trade, 1991.
(Paperbound. ISBN:0-671-73488-1)
$14.00

Practical Bonsai (Lewis)
Trafalgar Square ( David & Charles ), 1993.
(Paperbound. ISBN:1-85223-661-2)
$8.95

Living Art of Bonsai (Liang)
Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1992.
(Hardback. ISBN:0-8069-8780-4)
$35.00

Bonsai Basics (Pessey)
Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1992.
(Paperbound. ISBN:0-8069-0327-9)
$9.95
Probably one of the better inexpensive basic books.  A nice
section on how trees grow.

Indoor Bonsai (Pike)
Trafalgar Square ( David & Charles ), 1991.
(Paperbound. ISBN:1-85223-254-4)
$15.95

Beginning Bonsai (Student)
Tuttle, Charles and Company Inc, 1992.
(Paperbound. ISBN:0-8048-1729-4)
$9.95

Bonsai (Sunset)
Sunset Books.
(Paperbound. ISBN:0-376-03044-5)
$7.95

Masterpieces of Bonsai (Takayanagi)
Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
(Hardback. ISBN:0-87040-711-2)
$22.95

Bonsai : its art, science, history and philosophy.
Written and illustrated by Deborah R. Koreshoff
Oregon : Timber Press, 1984.
ISBN  0-917304-68-3

This has  an excellent section  on the history  and philosophy of
bonsai, as well  as descriptions of some techniques  not found in
many of the other books.

Iris Cohen contributes the following:

Adams, Peter. The Art of Bonsai. London: Ward Lock, 2nd edition 1990.
Highly technical, very detailed opinions, not for beginners. A lot of
information on Scotch pine.

Ainsworth, John. The Art of Indoor Bonsai. North Pomfret, VT: Trafalgar
Square Publishing, 1989. (written in England) Overall, I consider this
book fair. Some of the instructions are good, and the illustrated species
guide is helpful, but the nomenclature is sloppy and the specimens
illustrated are immature.

Barton, Barbara. Gardening by Mail; Fourth Edition. Boston: Houghton
Mifflin Co., 1994. Directory of mail-order suppliers of seeds, plants,
tools, etc.; also plant societies, magazines, and books. Updates available
every few months for $2. Don't leave home without it.

Clark, Randy. Outstanding American Bonsai. Portland: Timber Press, 1989.
Photographs and notes on the 1987 International Bonsai Congress exhibit in
Minneapolis, which was the forerunner of the John Naka North American
collection at the U.S. National Arboretum. I find it very inspiring. Three
of the artists are members of the Bonsai Society of Upstate New York, in
Rochester. Currently available from Discount Garden Books, POB 8354,
Portland, OR 97207.

Dreilinger, Sigmund, ed. "Indoor Bonsai." Plants & Gardens, Brooklyn
Botanical Garden Record, Autumn, 1990. Not much detail, except on a few
selected species. Lots of interesting tips. A superficial list of indoor
species; nomenclature fair.

Giorgi, Gianfranco. Simon & Schuster's Guide to Bonsai. New York: Simon &
Schuster, 1990. (written in Italy) A lot of information packed into a
little paperback. Contains both a genus guide and an illustrated species
guide, as well as background and history.

Hillier Nurseries. The Hillier Manual of Trees & Shrubs. Newton Abbot:
David & Charles, 6th ed., 1991. A definitive encyclopedia of deciduous
trees, conifers, vines, and bamboos hardy in the British Isles (meaning
down to about Zone 9). Indispensable for correct identification and
nomenclature.

Koreshoff, Deborah. Bonsai; Its Art, Science, History, & Philosophy.
Brisbane: Boolarong Publications, 1984. Available from Timber Press. The
Big Book; will give beginners indigestion. Wonderful reference. Contains
everything. I really would not have bought it, since I can get it out of
the library, but I had a chance to get it autographed, and my Favorite
Co-dependent gave it to me for Mother's Day.

Lesniewicz, Paul. Indoor Bonsai. London: Blandford Press, 1985. (written
in Germany). One of the best books on indoor bonsai.

Lewis, Colin and Sutherland, Neil. A Step-by-Step Guide to Growing &
Displaying Bonsai. New York: Smithmark Publishers, 1993. (written in
England) A very handy-dandy cookbook type book for beginners and 
advanced;
good illustrations.

Owen, Gordon. The Bonsai Identifier. Secaucus: Chartwell Books, 1990.
(written in England) Mainly an illustrated guide to growing & styling
specific genera. Handy arrangement. Also contains tips and opinions on
display.

Stein, Rolf (trans. from French). The World in Miniature: Container
Gardens & Dwellings in Far Eastern Religious Thought. Stanford: Stanford
University Press, 1990. Part of the material was first published in 1943.
Absolutely fascinating book; Part I is about the spiritual origins of
bonsai in China and southeast Asia. I got such a kick out of the
suggestions from an interior decorator of the Ming Dynasty on how to
display a viewing stone on your coffee table!

Stowell, Jerald. The Beginner's Guide to American Bonsai. Tokyo: Kodansha
International, 1978. Available in paperback. Some information outdated,
but good reference on collected northeastern trees, especially apple,
which is his specialty.

Tomlinson, Harry. The Complete Book of Bonsai. New York: Abbeville Press,
1990. (written in England) A good all-round beginner's book. The
illustrated species guide and summary in the back are helpful.

Welch, Humphrey. The Conifer Manual, Volume I. Dordrecht: Kluwer 
Academic
Publishers, 1991. Volume I contains a general introduction about conifers,
a key, and latest complete nomenclature for all species and known
varieties from Abies to Phyllocladus. Very helpful, but so far no sign of
Volume II. You don't buy this one; it's for reference libraries.

Wu Yee-sun. Man Lung Artistic Pot Plants. Hong Kong: Wing Lung Bank, 
1969.
2nd ed. 1976. No longer available, but try interlibrary loan. The 2nd
edition is much better, with additional photographs in color. A
photographic encyclopedia of Mr. Wu's collection, with a few trees by his
friends. Mr. Wu is the leading exponent of the Clip-And-Grow school, and
has been raising bonsai for 90 years. He donated a collection to the
Montreal Botanical Gardens and one to the U.S. National Arboretum. Styling
is very different from the Japanese.

Iris Cohen

Australian Bonsai Books from ROBERT STEPHENS 


I've spotted a couple of requests for info about Australian trees on the net but 
never seem to get the info back so I thought I'd post some out.  I have a 
number of books produced here in Australia which give some helpful 
information, some exclusively Australian tree's, others mixtures. Two books 
by a guy called Leonard Webber are quite helpful, "From Rainforest to 
Bonsai" published by Simon & Schuster Australia with an ISBN No of 0 
73180237 3 is good. Also by the same author "Bonsai for the home and 
Garden"published by Cornstalk Publishing which is an imprint of Collin 
Angus & Robertson Publishers and has an ISBN of 0 207 150184 deals with 
some exotic and some native trees. Books by Dorothy & Vita Koreshoff and 
published by Boolarong Publications have also been helpful, in particular 
"Bonsai with Australian Native Plants" ISBN 0 908175 66 3 but also "You too 
can grow Bonsai, Bonsai in Australia" ISBN 0 908175 63 9 although this book 
deals mostly with imported plants rather than natives. All of these will give 
some info on the kind of growing conditions experienced in this country. 
Some of our plants may have problems in colder climates but we do have 
some interesting cold weather plants especially the two main Nothofagus 
species in this country and plants such as Dacrydium franklinii (Huon Pine). 
Another book which does not talk about Bonsai but is an invaluable reference 
on our plants is "Australian Native Plants" by John W. Wrigley & Murray 
Fagg and published by Angus & Robertson with an ISBN of 0 207 16685 4. I 
don't think it is exhaustive but it gives a lot of helpful information about a 
lot of plants. I hope this information is helpful to some of you. Also does 
anyone know much about growing Sequoia dendron giganteum, mine really 
seem to be quite marginal although Sequoia sempervirens are doing well 
here.

Spain, contributed by Juan Pablo Rozas 

        Croma Press, S.A.
        Plaza de Honduras, 26
        40022 Valencia
        Spain
        Phone: 34-6-3551999

        Libro de Masaiko Kimura 
                Fantastic!!! Terrific!!!. ( +/-) $21

        Guias Basicas de Cultivo ( Basic guides of growing). each $3

        El Granado (punica granatum), Los Olmos (Ulmus), Los Pinos ( Pinus), 
El Haya (Fagus), Los Frutales(citrus, malus,..), Tropicales, La Carmona,
Los Ficus, El Algarrobo, El Boj, Los Arces, Los Juniperos, El Olivo 
( Olea, nice and interesting), El Roble( Quercus), La Azalea, 
La Higuera ( Ficus Carica)

Magazines
-------------------------
Bonsai Today
Stone Lantern Publishing Co
P.O. Box 816
Sudbury MA 01776
Subscriptions are $42 a year. 6 issues a year.
English translation of a Japanese magazine. Very detailed!

"Bonsai" -- Journal of the American Bonsai Society
Quarterly, ca. 30 pages
Annual membership fee: individual $18, student $11
Information: ABS Executive Sec.  Box 358,  Keene  NH  03431

"Bonsai Magazine"
The official publication of
Bonsai Clubs International
c/o Virginia Ellerman
2636 W. Mission Road #277
Tallahassee, FL 32304-2556
USA
FAX - 904.864.1410
Six issues per year included with membershiip
Membership dues of $32.00 per year

"International Bonsai"
International Bonsai Arboretum
William N. Valavanis
Post Office Box 23894
Rochester  NY 14692-3894
USA
(4/year; US $22; foreign $28; never read it; anyone?)

"Bonsai"
("Great Britain's Premiere Bonsai Magazine")
US Telephone: 800 842-5523
(4/year; US $23.95 introductory price; $7.60 sample; never read it)

Bonsai Actual magazine is edited NOW by
        Croma Press, S.A.
        Plaza de Honduras, 26
        40022 Valencia
        Spain
        Phone: 34-6-3551999
	SPAIN

Bonsai Autoctono
        Neagari Press, SCP
        Plaza de Fray Luis Colomer, 3, A-3
        46021 Valencia
        Spain
        Phone, Fax & Modem 34-6-362-51-78

- Bonsai Creation - # 1 to # 12
in french. Translation of "Kindai Shuppan". Kyoto. Japan
bimonthly. 
The edition of Bonsai creation was stopped in 1992.
[i'm sure it is a french translation of the spanish translation
of the japanese magazine.....]

 Section 11 -- Permanent Bonsai Exhibits

Ralph Stockhausen  contributed this information in 
May of 1994, Spanish entries courtesy of Juan Pablo Rozas 

Following is a list of permanent Bonsai exhibits and Japanese Gardens.
This is derived from books, email I received and postings to
rec.arts.bonsai.

Its not a huge list, but not bad for a start. One thing lacking is an
address for most places. It would also be nice to have a schedule and
admission fees. If more info is forth-coming, I'm willing to keep up
the list. (It would be even better if the FAQ people would take it over).

CAVEAT VISITOR: The accuracy of this list is unknown. Investigate before
making a trip.
 -------------------------
Name:
National Arboretum

Location:
3501 New York Avenue, N.E
Washington, DC 20002

The bonsai are housed in the National Bonsai and Penjing Museum.  The 
bonsai exhibit is open daily from 10 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Visiting exhibits from 
clubs around the area are highlighted every month .  Almost every Sunday 
there are bonsai demonstrations and/or advise sessions conducted by an 
expert

No admission charge.
 -------------------------
Name:
Pacific Northwest Bonsai Collection

Location:
Weyerhauser Corporate Offices
Federal Way, WA

Get on I-5 (go south if north of Federal Way, north if south of Federal
Way)  Take exit 142A.  Go East (that is towards the big mountain if you
are not sure) on highway 18.  When you get to Weyerhaeuser way South, go
north to the east entrance and follow the signs.

directions by: Rex Grigg  (Blame him if you
get lost :-)
 -------------------------
Name:
Arnold Arboretum

Location:
Boston, MA
 -------------------------
Name:
Brooklyn Botanical Garden

Location:
1000 Washington Ave.
Brooklyn, NY 11225
 -------------------------
Name:
San Diego Wild Animal Park

Location:
Escondido, CA
 -------------------------
Bonsai/Peng Jing (?)

Name:
Botanical Garden (in city ?)

Location:
HangZhou, China
 -------------------------
Name:
Zhang Da-Qian house

Location:
Taipei, Taiwan
 -------------------------
Name:
Botanical Gardens

Location:
Taipei, Taiwan
 -------------------------
Museo Bonsai Marvella
Parque Arroyo de la Represa s/n
Malaga, Spain
Phone: 34-5-286-29-26

Section 12 -- Japanese Gardens

Name:
Duke Gardens

Location:
Somerville, NJ
201-722-3700
 -------------------------
Name:
Gulf States Paper Corp.

Location:
P.O. Box 3199
Tuscaloosa, AL
205-553-6200
 -------------------------
Name:
Hillwood Museum Gardens

Location:
4155 Linnean Ave. NW
Washington, DC
 -------------------------
Name:
Morikami

Location:
Yamato Colony
Palm Beach County, FL
 -------------------------
Name:
Oriental Stroll Garden

Location:
Hammond Museum
North Salem, NY
 -------------------------
Name:
Missouri Botanical Gardens

Location:
2101 Tower Grove Ave.
St. Louis, MO
314-865-0440
 -------------------------
Name:
Anderson Gardens

Location:
2214 Stoneridge Dr.
Rockford, IL
815-877-2525
 -------------------------
Name:
Chicago Botanical Garden

Location:
Lake Cook Rd.
Glen Coe (?), IL
 -------------------------
Name:
Kelly Park

Location:
San Jose, CA
 -------------------------
Name:
Golden Gate Park

Location:
San Francisco, CA
 -------------------------
Name:
Hakone Garden

Location:
Saratoga, CA
 -------------------------
Name:
University of Washington Arboretum

Location:
Seattle, WA
 -------------------------
Name:
Botanical Gardens

Location:
Memphis, TN
 -------------------------
Name:
Brooklyn Botanical Garden

Location:
1000 Washington Ave.
Brooklyn, NY 11225
 -------------------------
Name:
Longwood Gardens

Location:
Pennsylvania
 -------------------------
Name:
Huntington Library & Gardens

Location:
San Marino (?), CA
 -------------------------
Nitobe Memorial Garden
West Mall, (Use Gate 4 off N.W. Marine Dr.)
Vancouver, B.C., Canada
(604) 822-6038

From promotional stuff "The Nitobe Memorial Garden is considered one of the most authentic tea & stroll gardens outside Japan."

The University of British Columbia Botanical Garden
6804 S.W. Marine Dr.
Vancouver, B.C., Canada
(604) 822-9666

This garden is 3 km south of the Nitobe. From promotional stuff "The 
David C. Lam Asian Garden is set amoung a magnifient second growth
coastal forest and is home to the largest collection of rhododendrons in
Canada, with over 400 species. Othe collection include Asian vines, trees,
shrubs, perennials, primulas, blue poppies and giant Himalayan lilies."

The Botanical Garden has about another 10 gardens of various types. 70 acres,
established in 1916, oldest garden associated with a university in Canada.

Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden
578 Carrall St.
Vancouver, B.C., Canada
(604) 662-3207

From promotional stuff, "Amidst the noise and frantic pace of Chinatown
rests an oasis of peace, the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden, the first
authentic full-sized classical Chinese garden ever built outside China. Tours
are available".

submitted by: 

Section 13 -- Suppliers and Nurseries
====================================
Many  other supplier  and nursery  names are  available in Bonsai
Today magazine's ad section! This is a list of suppliers that one
or more of the readers of the group has had some contact with.

*****************************************************************
                           AFRICA
*****************************************************************

None submitted yet.

*****************************************************************
                            ASIA
*****************************************************************

None submitted yet.  How odd.

*****************************************************************
                          AUSTRALIA
*****************************************************************

None Submitted, but we know you're out there  ;-)

*****************************************************************
                        EASTERN EUROPE
*****************************************************************

None Submitted

*****************************************************************
                          MIDDLE EAST
*****************************************************************

None Submitted

*****************************************************************
                EUROPEAN UNION and CENTRAL EUROPE
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Europe
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Austria
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Belgium
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Czecoslovaquia
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Danemark
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Finland
*****************************************************************

Ruukkupuu
PL 32
36601  PALKANE
FINLAND
Tel. (936) 2842

    Finnish  bonsai-equipment  supplier  (has  been  for about 20
    years now).  It has quite  large selection of  pots and other
    equipment, may have indoor bonsai soon...

*****************************************************************
                           Germany
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Grece
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Holland
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Italia
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Luxembourg
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Norway
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Spain
*****************************************************************
Submitted by Juan Pablo Rozas 

Tokonoma
C/ SanGabriel, 16. 08012 Barcelona

Bonsai Viure 
Crretera de Cardedeu a Canoves km 2, 08440 Barcelona

Yoko Bonsai 
430530 Tarragona

Iber Bonsai 
Partida del Mar, 22
Alboraya ( Valencia)

Vivero VIP
C/ Extraradio, 9
37892 Encias de Arriba ( Salamanca)

Los Peqotes
Carretera de Burgos Km 13.800 Dvo Fuencarral- Alcobendas
Madrid

Espaflor Espaqa, S.L.
Carretera de Ademuz Km. 11.600
46890 Paterna(Valencia)

*****************************************************************
                           Sweden
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           United Kingdom
*****************************************************************

Greenwood Gardens
Ollerton Road
Arnold
Nottingham
ENGLAND.
NG5 8PR
Tel: 0602 205757
 -------------------------
Chiltern Seeds
Bortree Stile
Ulverston
Cumbria
LA12  7PB
England

Phone: +44 1229 581137 
Fax:   +44 1229 584549  

In the UK, send them two first class stamps to get their 
catalogue. Overseas: phone them? 

The catalogue contains about 4000 (estimate) species & variants, 
including (for example) 26 maples, 23 pines, 5 wisterias, 2 
zelkovas. Species that are known to be good for Bonsai are 
marked. I have found that their service is prompt. 
(richard.freeman@bae.eurokom.ie)

Mike Cowgill adds...

If you ask nicely they will certainly mail you a catalogue without the hassle
of finding British stamps etc. The maple collection is up to 30 in the new
catalogue. They do Access, MasterCard, Visa, Eurocard and Switch (debit card).
 -------------------------
Andrew Norfield Seeds,
Lower Meend,
Stt. Briavels,
Gloucestershire,
GL15 6RW

Phone +44 1594 530134

submitted by Mike Cowgill 
 -------------------------
D.N.Bromage & Co
St.Mary's Gardens, Worplesdon, Surrey
GU3 3RS
Tel: 01483 232893

Located North of Guildford, on the A322 Bagshot Road. It is
tucked behind the "White Lyon Inn" (celebrate your
purchases) They are "Bonsai-only".  Nice selection of
starter plants (30-40 species) almost all outdoors. Some
basic books, good selection of pots (a bit pricey) , a few
good quality japanese tools with inevitably high prices.
They are very friendly. Gifts of seeds at the register.

Submitted by: Francois Moens 

*****************************************************************
                          NORTH AMERICA
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                             CANADA
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                             British Columbia
*****************************************************************
Japan Bonsai, Division of New Japan Gardens Ltd.
2337 140 th St.
Surrey, B.C., V4A-4H6
Canada
Ph. (604) 536-9220
-------------------------
Master Bonsai
#307-1208 Wharf Street
Victoria, B.C., V8W 3B9
Canada
Tel: 384-0954
Fax: 384-5491

  Stocks "finished" specimens up to about 25 years of age, books,
  tools, supplies and some starter materials that seemed to be in
  the $5(Canadian)  range. Also has  tools in the  $45-$100 (Can)
  range.
 -------------------------
Takamutsu Bonsai Design
1529 W, 4th ave
Vancouver BC
Canada
(604) 737-2204
Many 100+ trees. Own nursury. All tools and pots for sale. Lessons on a
regular basis. Great trees.

Emile Stehlin
*****************************************************************
                             Ontario
*****************************************************************
Toronto, Ontario, CA

        Picov's Nursery in Ajax...ask for Ray

        Shibui Bonsai in T/O (somewhere on Bathurst near the 401) ask for
        Arthur
 -------------------------
Pepiniere Des Arbres Miniatures
Dave Easterbrook
3270 Blv. St. Elizar Ouest
Chomedey, Laval
Montreal
*****************************************************************
                      UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           California
*****************************************************************

Shibui Bonsai
1165B Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
Cupertino, CA 95014
(408) 736-8256
(408) 248-5743

Hours:  1st Saturday of the month, 9-12am,
        2nd Wednesday, 6-8pm
        and by appointment

  Shibui  carries  a  large  assortment  of  bonsai supplies, and
  specializes in  Tokaname pots. If you're  looking for a special
  pot,  this is  a good  place to  check. They  also carry  wire,
  fertilizers, pruning  hardware, etc. In  addition, they have  a
  color catalog from which they can  order pots from Japan if you
  don't find what you're looking for in stock.
 -------------------------
Niwa Tools
2661 Bloomfield court
Fairfield CA 94533
(800) 443-5512
Fax:(510) 524-3423

  They sell Japanese Bonsai and gardening tools.
 -------------------------
Chikugo-En
18110 So. Western Ave.
Gardena CA 90248
310-323-4011

The nursery specializes in shimpakus, especially mame. Most of the
shimpakus were kishus that have very small tight foliage. Mr Issi
is an expert grafter and wirer so each tree is like a gem. I had 
a hard time selecting one to buy because there were so many great ones.

James Stopfer 
 -------------------------
Mountain Maples
5901 Spy Rock Road
Laytonville, CA  95454-1329
(707) 984-6522

  They carry an astounding variety of Acers, some extremely rare.
  Though they  attempt to describe  trees, the best  reference to
  accompany their  catalog is the book  "Japanese Maples" by J.D.
  Vertrees. If  a local library doesn't  have it, Mountain Maples
  has it for sale (at $40).
 -------------------------
Ken's Bonsai Gardens
471 Page Mill Rd.
Palo Alto, CA  94306
415-325-4840

    "Ken" is a master. I was very humbled by visiting his gardens
    which are located in his  small front yard. Very high-quality
    "finished"  bonsai. Prices  ranged  from  $20.00 up  into the
    thousands. No supplies to speak  of...just a few pots sitting
    on the front porch.
 -------------------------
Bonsai Nursery
966 S. Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
San Jose, CA 95129
408-252-1458

    Very nice selection of finished bonsai ranging from $40.00 on
    up, clay pots, tools, and  starter plants. The starter plants
    are in  3" and 4" containers  and priced between $3.00-$5.00.
    This  is a  very good  way to  begin a  new bonsai. They also
    carry a good selection of  plants in 1 gallon containers that
    can be "bonsai-ed". Friendly and knowledgeable service.
 -------------------------
Shoki Bonsai
3373 San Saba Dr.
San Jose, CA 95148
(408) 238-5229

  Tool supplier, carries Masakuni,  Kiku, Joshua Rothe and others
  Prices are reasonable.
 -------------------------
Miniature Plant Kingdom
4125 Harrison Grade Road
Sebastapol, CA 95472
(707) 874-2233

Enormous variety for bonsai and miniature model railroad enthusiasts
 -------------------------
Lone Pine Gardens
Lone Pine Road
Sebastapol, CA 95470
(707) 823-5024

Importers of both plants, pots and figurines from china.  Also have
many nursery grown varieties.
 -------------------------
Carter Seeds
475 Mar Vista Drive
Vista, CA  92083
    Predominantly a wholesaler, but they do carry 1 oz packets of
    Pinus thubergii (Black Pine) seeds. Write for a catalog.
 -------------------------
Exotica Seed Co. & Rare Fruit Nursery
2508-B E. Vista Way,
Vista, CA 92084
(619) 724-9093

(10am - 4pm, 7 days)
(Info temporarily unavailable.)

*****************************************************************
                           Colorado
*****************************************************************

Bonsai Nursery
3750 S. Federal Blvd.
Denver, CO 80110
(303) 761-3066

2-3 acres of plants. One 20x75 foot roundtop full
of bonsai. Also nice outdoor display.
$3.99 juniper starters. Assortment of other bonsai
(maple, etc.).
Cons: no moss or nifty ground cover for sale.

  The people  are friendly enough, and  they won't try to  pull a
  fast one on a first-timer (the lady said I didn't need to spend
  $25 on a  new set of shears--use a pair  of cuticle scissors to
  see if I  like bonsai, then come back and  buy the shears). The
  clerks didn't know the answers  to some of my questions, saying
  I should speak to "Mr. Ron" the bonsai guy.
 -------------------------
Colorado Bonsai Ltd.
12355 W. 34 Pl
Wheat Ridge CO 80033
(303) 232-8700

  Finished and starter bonsai, pots and tools

*****************************************************************
                           Florida
*****************************************************************

J & J Landscape
Bonsai International Division
P.O. Box 21683
Tampa, FL  33622-1683
Tel: (813) 645-8777

  Bonsai tools (quite a variety), pots (quite expensive), figures
  etc.

*****************************************************************
                           Georgia
*****************************************************************
The Bonsai Tree
609 Shallowford Rd.
Gainesville, GA 30501
(404) 535-2991

jim grove (grove@newsserver.utcc.utk.edu)
 -------------------------
Green World Nursery
P.O. Box 61414
Savannah, GA 31420

A very good source for bonsai from starters to finished

lauram3887@aol.com
 -------------------------
BONSAI OF GA.
4096 CLAIRMONT RD, (404) 451-5356
Carol Mcelroy 
 -------------------------
MONASTERY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
2625 HYW 212
CONYERS GA. (404) 483-8705
Carol Mcelroy 
 -------------------------
THE POTTED FOREST
805 DICKENS RD.
LILBURN GA.  (404) 564-0292
Carol Mcelroy 

*****************************************************************
                           Illinois
*****************************************************************

Little Trees
Supplies for Bonsai & Penjing
Herb Frey
(Chicago, IL suburban area)
(708) 323-0257 or (708) 598-4852

Has tools, pots, wire, soil, etc.
 -------------------------
Flora and Fauna
Horticultural & Biological Consultants
324 Silver Street
Elgin, IL 60123
Michael J. Kolaczewski
(708) 931-5285

  Plant materials
 -------------------------
Sid's Greenhouses, Garden Center
Florists, landscaping
10926 Southwest Highway
Palos Hills, IL 60465
(708) 974-4500

  Ask  for Dan  Kosta, Asst.  Greenhouse Mgr.,  Bonsai Specialist
  They  have  a  very  good  department  with Bonsai supplies and
  trees, both outdoor and tropical.

*****************************************************************
                           Indiana
*****************************************************************

Gardens Alive
5100 Schenley Place
Lawrenceburg, IN 47025
(812) 537-8650

  Offers   nationwide   mail-order   sources   for   organic  and
  environmentally responsible gardening products.

*****************************************************************
                          Maryland *****************************************************************

  Bonsai Associates, Inc.
  Mill Centre, Suite 106
  3000 Chestnut Avenue
  Baltimore, MD 21211
  (410) 235-5336
  Arschel Morell

      "Your everything for bonsai company". Catalog is $2.00 refundable, they
      have books, plants, pots, tools, soil components, annealed copper wire.
      They also provide instruction and do lectures and demos. Call or write
      for current schedule of classes. I've met Arschel at a show and spent
      some time talking to him. He seems very knowledgable and was quite
      willing to answer newcomers' questions.

Submitted by: Michael Johnson 
 -------------------------
Black Pines Bonsai Nursery
7011 German Hill Rd.
Dunalk, MD 21222
(410)288-5444
Southeast of Baltimore city, off I-695.  Helpful and friendly,
great selection of pots and prices.  They're just getting set up
in this new location. Owners, Mr. John Howle.

Submitted by: Fred Wells 
*****************************************************************
                           Massachusets
*****************************************************************

Bonsai West
100 Great Road
P.O. Box 1291
Littleton, MA 01460

(508) 486-3556

They're obviously not     Where to buy the best. Another place in the 
Northeast has claimed that ;-)

They're just a place that has lots of stuff ranging from starter plants in 3 inch pots to specimens purchased across the country.    According to Michael
the owner, he buys some from estate autions, some from growers.

From year to year, you never know for sure what he'll have because it 
depends on what he finds on his buying trips.   This year he had a bunch of 
Bald Cypress he picked up in Florida.    Most of the plants mentioned in this 
newsgroup are there.   Rare Georgia Oaks and Australian small leafed 
Eucalyptus missing of course ;)

Prices range from a few dollars to over a thousand for some of the older 
specimens and groves.

They have regular classes.   Some are free.   Some cost.   Most are very good 
value.

For example  Introduction to Bonsai Seminar  is $89 includes a 5 hour hands 
on seminar teaching pruning, wiring, potting and care. You create one large 
bonsai and two miniatures.   Materials are provided.

At their seasonal open house events they have free demos.

They are bonsai enthusiasts that always have time to talk even if you don't 
buy.   If you bring in a plant, they'll give quick shaping tips.

I can't speak to authoritatively on prices because I haven't done much 
comparative shopping.   The only other place I've been is Ken's in Palo Alto.   
It's hard to compare because his trees are much nicer. I'm also very cheap so I 
wait for the fall sale.   They usually discount specimens 25%,  pre-bonsai 50%, 
pots are 25-75% off.

The three primary guys Michael, Suthin and David, don't advertise 
themselves to be masters but they seem to know what they're doing, they 
love their work and have studied under some big name masters.

Howard Hayakawa 
 -------------------------
BRUSSEL'S BONSAI NURSERY
Brussel Martin
8365 Center Hill Road
Olive Branch, MS 38654
(800) 582-2593
FAX (601) 895-4157

Good luck, ask for Japanese Tools, NOT Chinese tools. These fine nurseries
both have mail order catalogs and are very reputable.

Wm. N. Valavanis
International BONSAI
 -------------------------
New England Bamboo Company
P.O. Box 358
Rockport, MA 01966
(508) 546-6512
 -------------------------
Royal Bonsai Garden, Inc
1297 Park St (Route 27)
Stoughton, Mass 02072
(617) 344-6358
FAX (617) 344-6617
Owner: Suthin Sukoslvisit
 -------------------------
Burt Associates
P.O. Box 719
Westford, MA 01886
(508) 692-3240

Both carry an impressive range  of bamboos and the catalogs are full 
of good information.

*****************************************************************
                           Michigan
*****************************************************************
The flower market
8920 S. Custer Rd.
Monroe MI 48161
(313)269 2660
(313)529 2682

Run by Kurt & Lita Smith (if you're there for bonsai ask for Kurt) They
specialize in tropicals and subtropicals_Ficus ,Fukien tea,serissa,Chinese
elm,bougainvillea (sp.)-the prices range from $20 or $30 to the thousands(a 
few of the bonsai on display are N.F.S.)they also carry stock, tools, pots, books,
etc.

Submitted by: Christine Kay-Eileen D Zouaoui 
 -------------------------
The Bonsai Center
Mt Clemens, MI
810-465-9555

Nice selection of tropical as well as hardy trees.  Classes available.

Submitted by: Dan Cwiertniewicz 

*****************************************************************
                           Minnesota
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           Minnesota
*****************************************************************

Rice Creek Gardens
Betty Ann Mech
11506 Central Ave NE
Blaine, MN
612-754-8990
 -------------------------
White Dragon Bonsai Studio
Randy Clark
220 Meadow Lane N
Golden Valley MN
612-377-9783
 -------------------------
Sara Rayner Pottery
1025 4th St
Red Wing MN 55066
(612) 388-5133

Hand thrown porcelain and stoneware. Specializing in Bonsai containers!

*****************************************************************
                           Missouri 
*****************************************************************

Brussel's Bonsai Nursery Inc.
8365 Center Hill Road
Olive Branch,  MS  38654
Telephone: (601) 895-7457
Fax: (601) 895-4157

  Brussel's Bonsai catalog is  most impressive. "Finished" bonsai
  from $10(US) to thousands of  (US) dollars, starter plants from
  $3 to  ~$10(US). They also supply  tools, pot, figurines, soil,
  books, and other misc. items.

*****************************************************************
                           New Hampshire
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           New Mexico
*****************************************************************

*****************************************************************
                           New York
*****************************************************************
Menne Nursery
3100 Niagara Falls Blvd.
Amherst, NY 14228
(716) 693-4444
They aren't bonsai specific, but they keep a decent selection of
indoor bonsai and some outdoor trees (they say that they stock
more in the spring.)  They have some pots and keep basic bonsai
tools and supplies on hand.  Prices are inconsistant - some
things are good deals, some not.  A few members of the staff
know bonsai, others try to be nice, but are pretty unhelpful.
All in all, if you live in the Buffalo area, it's more
convienient than a drive out to Rochester for supplies etc. but
certainly won't replace the bigger bonsai specialists.
Iris Cohen
 -------------------------
Lone Tree Bonsai
Harley Sims
5998 Route 96, Farmington, NY 14425
Phone Greenhouse, 716-394-8550, Office, 716-742-2765
Business is actually in Canandaigua.
Wide selection of plants, indoor & outdoor, good prices, Chinese pots at
wholesale prices.
 -------------------------
Bonsai Garden at HomeScapes
Route 13 at East Franklin Street
Horseheads, NY 14845
Phone 607-739-7279
I haven't been there, as it is down near Elmira.
Iris Cohen

Christopher A Loggins  adds

The store is in Elmira, NY (I don't remember the name). It's not very
large, but it does have a wide variety of bonsai stuff. I'm told that the
general staff are not very knowledgeable (sp?), but that the
owner/operater (who's often at the store) is an expert and is very willing
to help.

 -------------------------
Crane's Little York Plantation
Route 281, Little York, NY 13087
Phone 607-749-4861
Tremendous variety of outdoor nursery stock, some bonsai & starter plants
 -------------------------
Bonsai by Kwong
(In our Chinatown - an interesting place to visit in lower Manhattan)
13 Elizabeth Street
(212) 274-1027

Bonsai Designs of New York City (they have a few locations)
30 Rockfellar Plaza
(By the NBC Building - another nice area to visit)
(212) 307-1953

Bonsai Designs of New York City
120 East 34th Street (212) 545-0190
75 Nassau Street (Wall Street area) (212) 267-7440

Bonsai Garden
135 West 28th Street
(In our Flower District near some interesting Sunday flea markets and a
short walk to Herald Square and Macy's and A&S Plaza)
(212) 947-6953

Bonsai of Brooklyn
2443 McDonald Avenue
(718) 339-8252
May be worth the trip by subway...maybe a 1/2 hour ride from midtown
Manhattan.  They have a small retail area but a large warehouse lot
across the street with a nice variety of starter material both tropical
and temperate.

A nice selection of tools, pots (some decent Chinese pottery), soils and
soil ammendments that we all seem to talk about so much.

All the New York City stores submitted by: George Crinnion  with no recommendations
 -------------------------
E.W. Schreiner
11 Hilltop Drive, Pittsford, NY 14534
Phone 716-586-8773
Inexpensive hand-made stands, unusual nursery stock
 -------------------------
The International Bonsai Arboreum
412 Pinnacle Road
Rochester, New York 14623
Phone (716) 334-2595
William N. Valavanis
  (Publishers of International Bonsai quarterly)
  May need an appointment!
 -------------------------
Special Tree Bonsai
Robert Zink
710 Route 29, Rock City Falls, NY 12863
Phone 518-885-1390
Big selection of mud men, as well as plants
Not far from Pauline Muth
 -------------------------
Bill Valavanis
International Bonsai Arboretum
1070 Martin Road, West Henrietta, NY 14586
Phone 716-334-2595
Top bonsai master in upstate NY; wide variety of plants from starters all
the way up, mostly outdoor. Also high quality pots & tools. Symposiums &
workshops.
Also publishes International Bonsai Magazine
POB 23894, Rochester, NY 14692
excellent quality but rather advanced

*****************************************************************
                           North Carolina
*****************************************************************

Forests of the World, Llc
P.O. Box 2693
Durham, NC 27713
fowllc@igc.apc.org (ECONET)

My business partner and I are environmental science graduates who started a
company called Forests of the World about 2 and a half years ago .   We
originally conceived of the idea of marketing rainforest seeds for retail
sales in the U.S. to generate income for conservation and sustainable
development in and around the extraction region.  The seed project was
designed as a "buffer zone" extractive program for protected area management.
 Our company has conducted extensive research on sustainability issues for
several years, drafted extraction management plans and is working directly
with in-country conservation and indigenous groups to insure maximum benefit
to local communities and minimum impact to biodiversity.  Our company
collects only a limited number of species, which have been approved by the
Department of Agriculture and have undergone additional review by scientists
for extraction and importation.  In addition, our company returns a
percentage of gross to co-owner, in-country organizations to assist in
community education, conservation and development projects.

JGerlaugh@AOL.COM
 -------------------------
Gnome Nest Nursery - Bonsai-Landscaping & Rare Plants -
5302 Old Chapel Hill Road, Rt. 7 Box 60, Durham, NC 27707
(919) 419-0719  David Starkey, General Manager.

Their card shows a leprechaun (sigh) planting a bonsai beside a stone
bridge.  I s'pose that should be a "gnome" and not a leprechaun.  I
used to know what the japanese called their variety of "little people"
but all I can think of now is the hawaiian name (mennehune)(sp).  Oh
well, the memory is the first thing to go. . . .

*****************************************************************
                           Oklahoma
*****************************************************************

Raska Sales
Mike Raska
Skiatook, OK
(918) 396-1881
(918) 396-2663 (FAX)
Highly   recommended  by   the  submitter   as  a   friendly  and
knowledgeable  dealer  of  bonsai,  starter  plants, pottery, and
tools.

*****************************************************************
                           Oregon
*****************************************************************

Please note that there is some contention about the claims of this
company.  However, also note that those claims come from another
seed company.  I would appreciate more information before removing
this company from the list.

Dan Cwiertniewicz
***************************
Tropical Rainforest Seed Co.
P.O. Box 3004-311
Corvallis, Oregon 97339
Phone: 503-758-2916

I was browsing around the New York Botanical Gardens bookshop after a lecture
this afternoon and came upon a company that sells really cool seeds from
tropical rain forests and thought I would post thier address in case anyone
was interested.
Apparently the seeds are gathered from a privately owned, fully protected
virgin forest by native families.  The list of seeds is very exciting.

Dominick Lombardi 
 -------------------------
Brian Mcpherson  sent this 
in, but it's signed Blithe.  Hmmm.

Greer Gardens
1280 Goodpasture Island Road
Eugene Oregon, 97401

1-800-548-0111      for orders only
1-503-686-8266
fax-1-503-686-0910

This is a most astounding company and I have been very pleased with all I 
have gotten from them.  I do admit they sell more than bonsai material but is 
all trees and shrubs plus the bonsai section.  At least have them send you a 
catalog.  I've had my new one about 2 weeks and still haven't been able to 
narrow down my list of wishes to within budget.  they are reasonably priced-
-I just see so many unusal offerings that are really what I want to have.

good browsing

Blithe

*****************************************************************
                           Pennsylvania
*****************************************************************

MicroFolia
PO Box 265
Camp Hill, PA 17001
(717) 691-0286

Mail  order only.  Japanese and  Chinese pottery,  Masakuni and
Kiku tools, general potting supplies. Now selling seeds of species
suitable for bonsai and seedling starter stock. Free catalog.

Brian Corll 
 -------------------------
Sho Fu-En Bonsai
Jim Gillespie
3183 Pine Rd.
Danielsville, PA 18038
(215) 837-6688
 -------------------------
TANSU
David Knittle
1423 Selinger Ave.
Erie, PA 16505
(814) 8353-3806
(800) 659-4621

Some of the finest American made stands can be obtained from TANSU, which
is the studio of David Knittle in Erie, PA. He handcrafts superb stands of
all types from black lacquer to exotic woods. Right now he is involved
setting up links to China for pottery, supplies and Chinese stands and not
currenty making stands, however, he plans on starting stands soon. He does
have some stands on hand now.

Wm. N. Valavanis 
 -------------------------
The Importer
370 Lancaster Ave.
Frazer, PA 19355
(215) 644-8288
Pots and other accessories
 -------------------------
Natures Way Nursery and Bonsai Studio
James F. Doyle
1451 Pleasant Hill Rd.
Harrisburg, PA 17112
(717) 545-4555
 -------------------------
Old Mill Bonsai Studio and Nursery
Howard McNeal
Box 502 RD #1
Honeybrook, PA 19344
(215) 642-2602
 -------------------------
Rosade Bonsai Studio
6912 Ely R.
Solebury
New Hope, PA 18938-9634
(215) 862-5925
hours: Fri, Sat, Sun 11-5 or by appointment
 -------------------------
Matsu-Momiji Nursery
PO Box 11414
Philadelphia, Pa 19111
phone (215) 722-6286

      Steve Pilacek is the owner. He specializes in Japanese Black Pine
      (Pinus thunbergii) and Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum). He's written a
      book named _Japanese Black Pine_ which he sells out of the nursery and
      by mail.

Michael Johnson 
 -------------------------
Mizuki Bonsai Supplies
1419 LaClair Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15218
Owner: Evelyn Christie
Tel:   (412) 244 9280

Full range of pots, tools, wire and accessories. Wide variety of starter
plants. Competitive prices.
 -------------------------
The Bonsai Shop at the Community Arts Center
414 Plush Mill Rd.
Wallingford, PA
(215) 358-3412

*****************************************************************
                           Texas
*****************************************************************

The Bonsai Farm
13827 Hwy. 87 So.
Adkins, TX  78101
USA
Tel:  (512) 649-2109
Owners: Edith & Leonard Sorge
(Note: Good variety plants for indoor and outdoor bonsai
 tools, and pots)
 -------------------------
Midwest Bonsai Pottery
8311 Racine Trail
Austin, TX 78717
  Mike  and  Candy  Hansen,  the  proprietors,  have  a stoneware
  pottery  and bonsai-ery.  They  sell  trees, pots,  tools, soil
  mixes, and other equipment.
 -------------------------
Dallas Bonsai Garden
PO Box 801565
Dallas, TX 75380-1565
(214) 661-3421

  Owners Fred & Elizabeth Meyer
  Quotes:  "Specialist in the Rare & Unusual since 1965"
         "The Most complete Bonsai Store in the Americas!!"
         "America's largest Bonsai importer"
  They offer a complete  line of Bonsai accessories, fertilizers,
  vitamins, pots-ceramic  & plastic, bonsai  tools, bonsai seeds,
  vacationers, Tillandsia air plants, butterflies & rare plants.
 -------------------------
Brudy's Tropical Exotics
P.O. Box 820874
Houston, TX 77282-0874
800/926-7333

There are 16 pages with seeds, about 6/8 seeds to a page, with line drawings
of leaves/cones/flowers and a brief description, plus propagation methods.
Their packets average 15 seeds per, and they seemed to range in price from
$2.10 - $4.50 a packet.  Everything from acer, cypress, mimosa, to pines.
*****************************************************************
                           Washington
*****************************************************************
BONSAI NORTHWEST
John Muth
5021 South 144th St.
Seattle, WA 98168
(206)242-8244
FAX (206) 244-2301

Good luck, ask for Japanese Tools, NOT Chinese tools. These fine nurseries
both have mail order catalogs and are very reputable.

Wm. N. Valavanis
International BONSAI

*****************************************************************
                           Wisconsin
*****************************************************************

All Things Bonsai
Greenfield WI
(414)421-9122 (Ask for Gerry)
By Appointment Only!

  Specializing in tropical and indoor bonsai. Private instruction,
  consultation,  demos lectures,  workshops, personalized styling
  and bonsai supplies

*****************************************************************
                         SOUTH AMERICA
*****************************************************************

Section 14 -- Turface Distributors

Contributed by CesarAP@AOL.COM

The following information was correct as of Feb 1991.  I have not tried any of 
the places yet.

 Green Meadows (I am told it might have changed name but its still there)
5050 Beech Place
Temple Hills, MD 20748
301-899-3535

Bonsai Associates Inc.
Mill Centre, Suite 106
3000 Chesnut Ave
Baltimore, MD 21211
301-235-5336

Section 15 -- Pricing

Channon R. Quillen  (channon@tenet.edu) contributed the following 
information in April of 1994.

Wire prices.

Brussel's Bonsai Nursery:
Bronze color aluminum training wire.  Available sizes 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm,
2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 6mm.
Small roll  $2.50
Medium roll  $4.50
Kilogram roll  $28.00
I'm not sure what is meant by small and medium sizes.

Artistic Plants:
Anodized aluminum wire specially made for working with Bonsai.
Sizes..Same as above except for 4.5mm and above.
100gm packages  $4.50
500gm (1/2 kilogram) rolls. Same sizes as Brussel's.  $13.50

The prices are usually higher from The Bonsai Farm on other items too.
Section 16 -- Dictionary of Japanese bonsai terms

   Bonsai styles ---

     chokkan   (Formal Upright)
           The chokkan bonsai typically has a single, upright
           trunk that tapers toward the top. Branches are
           symmetrically balanced and well spaced.

     moyogi   (Informal Upright)
           Moyogi bonsai have a single trunk like the chokkan,
           but the trunk is usually curved. The trunk generally
           tapers toward the top like the formal upright.

     kabudachi (Multiple Trunks)
       sokan    (Twin Trunk)
       sankan   (Triple Trunk)
       gokan    (5 trunk)
           Two (or 3 or 5) trunks growing from the same root.
           Usually one trunk is the largest and is referred to
           as the parent. Good conformation is based on the
           aesthetic balance of the smaller 'children' to the
           parent in trunk thickness.

     shakan   (Slanting)
           A single trunk, similar to the formal and informal
           upright, but cultivated with the trunk growing at
           an angle other than 90 degrees to the ground.
           Branches are again balanced and well spaced.

     netsuranari or netsunagari   (Sinuous)
           sinuous bonsai have multiple trees growing from a
           single sinuous root. 5 needle pine are most commonly
           used for this style.

     neagari   (Exposed Root)
           Roots growing up out of the ground, suspending the
           trunk in the air, characterize this rare style of
           bonsai.

     ikada   (Raft)
           Similar in effect to netsuranari, but typically with
           one straight horizontal root joining the trees.
           This is usually accomplished by burying a larger
           tree horizontally and then training each branch as a
           separate tree.

     fukinagashi   (Windswept)
           Similar to the slanting style, but all of the
           branches are swept in one direction as though it
           were growing in a place with a strong constant
           prevailing wind.

     kengai   (Cascade)
           An unusual form where the trunk and branches arch
           and 'cascade' over the edge of the pot. Usually
           planted in a deep pot to give balance to its
           unusual form.

     bunjingi   (Literati)
           Upright or informally upright trunk bare of branches
           except at the top, characterized by a tasteful
           simple elegance.

     hokidachi    (Broom)
           Broom style trees have an upright trunk, with
           branches evenly fanned out. It resembles an old
           fashioned broom standing on its handle.

     yose-ue   (Group)
           A group planting of distinct separate trees,
           representing a grove, or forest.

     ishitsuki   (Rock-grown)
           There are two basic types of rock grown bonsai:
           root grasping the rock, where the roots do enter
           the soil the rock is protruding from; and on, or
           in the rock, where the tree is planted in a pocket
           of earth attached to the rock, or in a hollow in
           the rock.

   Growing techniques

       misho -- Grown from seed
       yamadori -- Collecting plants from nature
       sashiki -- Grown from cuttings
       tsugiki -- Grafting
       toriki -- Layering and dividing

  Other Japanese bonsai terms --

       nebari -- The rootball of a bonsai

Section 17 -- Dictionary of Latin Botanical Terms

       -- (Note: This section is complete within the limits of my
          documentation)

       abbreviatus -- short
       acuminatus -- long tapering point
       acutifolius -- with sharp leaves
       adpressus -- pressed together, pressed against
       adscendens, ascendens -- going up
       aerius -- of the air, as air-roots
       affinus -- related, with an affinity
       africanus -- from Africa
       alatus -- winged
       albescens -- pale, whitish
       albidus, albus -- white
       albiflorus -- with white flowers
       alpinus -- of the alpines, mountains
       alternus -- alternating, usually means NOT directly opposite
       altus -- altitude, tall
       amabilis -- pretty
       amphibius -- adaptable either to land or water
       angulosus -- angled, turning every which way
       angustifolius -- with narrow leaves (seldom used, more
                        commonly nerifolius)
       aquaticus -- of the water, water-loving
       arborescens -- growing like a tree, woody like a tree
       arenatius -- found in sandy places
       argenteus, argentus -- silvery
       aristatus -- bearded
       arrectus -- straight up, erect
       asiaticus, asiatus -- from Asia
       atlanticus -- Atlantic
       atropurpureus, atropurpurea -- purple, sometimes dark red
       atrosanguineus -- dark blood-red
       atroviolaceus -- dark violet
       atrovirens -- dark green
       augustus -- important in size or appearance, imposing
       aurantiacus -- orange-red
       aureus -- golden
       azureus -- deep blue, azure
       babylonicus -- Babylonian, from Babylon
       balticus -- from the Baltic
       bengalinis -- from Bengal
       biennis -- biennial
       biflorus -- two flowered
       bifolius -- two leaved
       brefolius -- with short leaves
       brevis -- short
       brevisimus -- very short
       brillian -- brilliant
       brittanicus -- from Britain
       brunneus -- brown
       bulgarius -- Bulgarian
       buxifolius -- with leaves like a boxwood, box-leaved
       calamifolius -- with reed-like leaves
       californicus -- from California
       campestris -- found in fields
       candelabrum -- having the form of a candelabra
       candicans -- white or frosty looking
       carneus -- flesh-colored
       catitatus -- headed
       cerefolius -- with waxy leaves
       coccineus -- bright red
       coloratus -- colored
       columnaris -- having the form of a column
       concolor -- similar coloring
       conglomeratus -- all close together
       contortus -- twisted, contorted
       cordatus -- heart-shaped
       cornutus, cornuta -- horned or horn-shaped
       crassifolius -- with thick leaves
       crenatus -- serrated
       cuspidatus -- sharp tooth, or hard point
       deformis -- deformed
       deliciosus, deliciosa -- delicious
       dendroideus -- like a tree
       densatus -- dense
       densifolius -- with dense leaves
       densiflorus -- with dense flowers
       dentatus -- toothed, with a series of points
       dipterus -- two-winged
       discolor -- of two or several colors
       dissectus -- deeply cut leaves, as in fern-leaved maple
       divaricatus -- spreading
       domesticus -- domesticated
       edulis -- can be eaten
       elatus, elata -- tall
       elegans -- elegant, graceful
       elongatus -- long
       erectus -- upright
       excelsius, excelsus -- tall
       exoticus, exotica -- from another country
       fastigiatus -- having nearly vertical, close-together branches
       ferox -- fierce, thorny
       flaccidus -- soft, limp
       flammeus -- flame-colored
       flexilis -- bendable, flexible
       floripleno -- with double flowers
       floribundus -- with many flowers
       foetidus -- bad-smelling, having a fetid odor
       fragrans -- sweet-smelling, fragrant
       fragrantissimus -- very sweet-smelling
       frutescens -- bushy, shrubby, twiggy
       gallicus -- from Gaul (France), may also pertain to a rooster
       giganticus -- large, gigantic
       glaucus -- with a frost-like bloom, as on a grape
       gloriosus, gloriosa -- great, superb
       gracilis -- slender, graceful, lissome
       grandifolius -- with large leaves
       guttatus -- freckled
       haemanthus -- bright red flowers
       humilis -- dwarf, low
       ilicifolius -- holly-like leaves
       japonicus -- from Japan
       lancifolius -- with lance-like leaves
       latifolius -- with broad leaves
       leptolepis -- with thin scales
       leptophyllus -- with thin leaves
       leucodermis -- with white skin
       lobularius -- lobed
       luteus -- yellow
       macranthus -- with large flowers
       macro -- big, long, large
       maximus -- the largest
       medius -- medium
       megalophyllus -- with very large leaves
       microphyllus -- with very small leaves
       minimus -- very small
       mollis -- hairy, fuzzy
       myriophyllus -- with many leaves
       nanus, nana -- dwarf, small
       nerifolius, nerifolia -- with narrow leaves
       niger -- black
       nodulosa -- with small nodes
       nudifolia -- deciduous, naked of leaves
       oblongatus -- oblong, oval
       officinalis -- medicinal
       parviflorus -- with small flowers
       parvifolia -- with small leaves
       patens -- spreading
       pinous -- pine-like
       podocarpus -- with stalked fruits
       polydactylus -- with many fingers
       porphyreus -- purple
       praecox -- very early
       procumbens -- procumbent, lying down
       pumilus -- dwarf, small
       pygmaeus -- pygmy
       pyramidalis -- pyramidal
       repens -- creeping, low
       reticulatus -- with a netted pattern
       robustus -- strong, robust
       roseaflorus -- with rose-like flowers
       rotundifolius -- with round leaves
       scandens -- climbing
       semperflorens -- everblooming
       sempervirens -- always green
       serpens -- creeping
       serpyllifolius -- with thyme-like leaves
       serratus -- with a saw tooth edge
       stolenifera -- with runners that root and send up
                      another plant
       strictus -- erect
       sylvaticus -- of the forest
       tenuifolius -- with slender leaves
       tomentosus -- very wooly
       tridens -- with three teeth or points
       variegatus -- variegated
       verrucosus -- warty
       virens -- green
       virginianus -- of Virginia, first defined in Virginia
       viridis -- green
       vulgaris -- common, vulgar, ordinary
       xanthinus -- yellow
       zonalis -- banded

Section C -- Contributors

IUm removing this section because there are just too many contibutors in too many small ways to do them justice.  Thanks to everyone who contributed, in any way.


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